Solutions solute can dissolve in a certain Solubility

Solutions solute can dissolve in a certain • Solubility tells us how much _____ amount of _______ at a particular temperature and pressure solvent to make a “_________” solution. saturated Solution Vocabulary Saturated • _________ solutions: the solution cannot hold any more solute. (Some solute may be sitting on the bottom of the container. ) Unsaturated • ________ solutions: the solution could dissolve more solute • __________ solutions: the solution is holding more Supersaturated than it should at the given temperature, and if you messed with the solution by shaking it or throwing in one more crystal, the whole crystallize thing would _________ rapidly!

Solubility Curves and Saturation

Solution Vocabulary Miscible • ________ : two liquids that can dissolve in each other Example: ______ in water alcohol • _________ : the liquids don’t mix Immiscible Oil and water Example: _____

Factors that Affect Solubility 1) Temperature: increases , a) GAS dissolved in Liquid: As temperature______ decreases solubility_______. Warm water suffocates fish. ) Examples: O 2 in a fish tank…(____ Warm soda loses fizz. ) CO 2 in soda… (_____ Solubility Temperature As To , solubility

Factors that Affect Solubility b) SOLID dissolved in Liquid: As temperature _____ increases , solubility “generally” _______. increases Example: sugar in hot tea vs. sugar in iced tea Solubility Temperature As To , solubility

Factors that Affect Solubility: Temperature As the temperature increases so does the solubility of the solid salts but the gas NH 3 decreases in solubility. (abnormal behavior)

Factors that Affect Solubility 2) Pressure: increases , solubility a) GAS dissolved in Liquid: As pressure ___________. increases high pressure) Examples: CO 2 in soda: (made under _______ Solubility Pressure As pressure , solubility Since solids and liquids can’t be compressed, pressure has not effect on the solubility.

The three methods to increase the dissolving rate of a solid are Heat it! Crush it! Stir it! AGITATE IT

Measuring the Concentration of a Solution • Concentration __________: the amount of solute present in a given quantity of solvent or solution. Qualitative Vocabulary • • Dilute ________ : contains a small amount of solute Concentrated : contains a large amount of solute ________ concentrated dilute

Add water to dilute a solution; boil water off to concentrate it concentrated dilute