SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND COMMUNITY PROBLEMS TERMS Excreta

SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND COMMUNITY PROBLEMS

TERMS Excreta – waste matter, such as sweat, urine, or feces discharged from the body Refuse – can be classified as garbage, rubbish, ashes, dead animals, stable manure, street sweepings, night soil, and yard cuttings

Garbage leftover vegetables, animal and fish material food in kitchen and establishments

Rubbish waste materials such as bottles, broken glass, tin cans, waste papers, discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metal and other wrapping material

Ashes are remains of burned wood and coal

Dead animals are lifeless dogs, cats, rats, pigs, and chicken which die from diseases or accidents

Stable Manure includes animal manure from barns, stables or the likes

Street Sweeping are refuses swept from streets like dust, leaves, cigarette butts, and waste papers

Night Soil consists of human waste, normally wrapped and thrown into sidewalks and streets

Yard cuttings are leaves, branches, grass, and other similar materials made during cleaning of gardens and typhoon aftermath

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROBLEMS Improper Disposal of Human Excreta and Sewage Contamination and Food Poisoning Pests Improper Refuse Storage and Disposal

Improper disposal of human excreta and sewage Many people die each year from diseases caused by improper waste disposal A lot of these diseases were caused by absence of sanitary toilets, thus, gastrointestinal infections rises Others who are exposed to such diseases would have skin irritations like rashes

Contamination and Food Poisoning Food poisoning are caused by various microorganisms that make people feel ill few hours to days. Vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and cramps are symptoms of food poisoning

Pests These animals spread communicable diseases like malaria, cholera, diarrhea, leptospirosis, and dengue

Improper refuse storage and disposal Improper storage and disposal invite the presence of insects and pests which spread contagious diseases They also emit foul odors

FACTORS THAT AFFECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND COMMUNITY PROBLEMS Climate / Season Industries Economic Condition of the Family Geographical Locations

Climate / Season More refuse are present during the wet season. Refuse collection is also harder to do during wet seasons. Thus, having more refuse and less collection would bring more diseases.

Industries emit carbon monoxide to the air and throw their waste products to different bodies of water thus polluting them and causing a big impact to the life forms

Economic condition of the family The poor do not have access to proper sanitation, thus, do not have the knowledge on how to properly manage their refuse which brings more diseases to their places

Geographical location Urban areas tend to have more refuse because of the technologies present there where many of these technologies would have by-products that affects the environment

PROPER WASTE MANAGEMENT Storage Disposal Recycling Garbology

Storage Store waste materials in containers that are: Small enough to be easily carried when they are filled with waste Provided with tight-fitting covers to prevent foul odor and to deter rats, flies, and other insects from getting in Not very tall so that they will not easily overturn Made of materials which cannot be destroyed by animals

Disposal Burying – garbage is deposited in pits and covered with soil to avoid the smell from escaping or contaminating the air Landfills – an area where waste products are placed where burying process takes place Composting – garbage not fed to animals and poultry can be composted and used as soil fertilizer and conditioner. Incinerator – this involves the combustion of waste of high temperatures.

Recycling The turning of discarded or old materials into new products

Garbology The study of disposal of waste materials The study of modern culture through the analysis of what is thrown away as garbage – a device underneath a sink that shreds food waste so that it can pass through plumbing Garburator

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefore, and for other purposes