Solutions for critical materials under extreme conditions Grain

  • Slides: 39
Download presentation
Solutions for critical materials under extreme conditions Grain growth in Line Pipe Steels 29.

Solutions for critical materials under extreme conditions Grain growth in Line Pipe Steels 29. 11. 2020 Written by: Advisor: Walter Antonio Tichauer Ernst Gamsjäger, assoz. Prof. Dipl. -Ing. Dr. mont.

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 2

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 3

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties relationship • 29. 11. 2020 Page 4 • • Sc… Strength of the material SF… Safety factor L… Loads B… Back ups

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties relationship • 29. 11. 2020 Page 5 • ΔT • Gas composition • Longitudinal ground profile • Q → n → Dp

What properties are we looking for? PROPERTIES WE ARE LOOKING FOR: • High ductility

What properties are we looking for? PROPERTIES WE ARE LOOKING FOR: • High ductility • High strength • Excellent weldability How can we achieve this? • David and Goliath 29. 11. 2020 Page 6

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? 29. 11. 2020 Page 7

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? 29. 11. 2020 Page 7

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? YES 29. 11. 2020 Page

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? YES 29. 11. 2020 Page 8

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 9

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 10

Laser Ultrasonics Technique (LUT) [1] Provided by Professor Militzer M. Page 11 29. 11.

Laser Ultrasonics Technique (LUT) [1] Provided by Professor Militzer M. Page 11 29. 11. 2020

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 12

High Temperature Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (HT-LSCM) t 1 29. 11. 2020 Page 13

High Temperature Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (HT-LSCM) t 1 29. 11. 2020 Page 13 t 2

Video Grain growth 29. 11. 2020 Page 14

Video Grain growth 29. 11. 2020 Page 14

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to 1050 °C t 1 29. 11. 2020 Page 15 t 2

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to 1150 °C t 1 29. 11. 2020 Page 16 t 2

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to

Average grain size & Grain size distribution MEASUREMENTS of a sample heated up to 1250 °C t 1 29. 11. 2020 Page 17 t 2

Average grain size RESULTS Conditions to t 1 Sample t 1 [s] 1050 °C

Average grain size RESULTS Conditions to t 1 Sample t 1 [s] 1050 °C 180. 07 406 *14. 4 242. 78 337 17. 4 1150 °C 94. 84 267 21. 6 257. 28 *189 30. 1 1250 °C 66. 23 363 *15. 8 270. 91 *218 53. 1 *[2] 29. 11. 2020 Page 18 number of grains Conditions to t 2 d [µm] t 2 [s] number of grains d [µm]

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1050 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1050 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 19

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1150 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1150 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 20

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1250 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1250 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 21

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 22

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements 29. 11. 2020 Page 23

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements 29. 11. 2020 Page 23

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements 29. 11. 2020 Page 24

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements 29. 11. 2020 Page 24

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are

Contents -Pipelines for oil and gas transport • Pipeline engineering • What properties are we looking for? • Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? -In situ grain size measurements • LUT • HT-LSCM • Average grain size & Distribution • MEASUREMENTS • RESULTS -Comparison of both techniques -Conclusions 29. 11. 2020 Page 25

Conclusions -During phases of high DT changes, LUT complements HT-LSCM. -HT-LSCM will be REQUIRED

Conclusions -During phases of high DT changes, LUT complements HT-LSCM. -HT-LSCM will be REQUIRED • if a multimodal distribution is expected • if the grain size distribution is unknown 29. 11. 2020 Page 26

References [1] Militzer M, Maalekian M, Radis R, Poole W J, Moreau A. In

References [1] Militzer M, Maalekian M, Radis R, Poole W J, Moreau A. In situ measurement and modeling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microaalloyed steel 2014. Acta Materialia 60 (2012) 1015 -1026. [2] ASTM International. Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size. E 112. [3] Takayama Y, Furushiro N, Tozawa T, Kato H, Hori S. Asignificant Method for Estimation of the Grain Size of Polycrystalline Materials Transaction, JIM, Vol. 32, No. 3 (1991). 29. 11. 2020 Page 27

Thank you very much for your attention! Questions? 29. 11. 2020

Thank you very much for your attention! Questions? 29. 11. 2020

Fe-C phase diagram – Modern steels Steels: • Alloy of Iron and other elements

Fe-C phase diagram – Modern steels Steels: • Alloy of Iron and other elements • The COMPOSITION makes the difference • Flexible properties • • Heat treatment • Possible alloys • Different phases Today X 80 line pipe steel containing 0. 06 C, 1. 65 Mn, 0. 034 Nb, 0. 012 Ti, 0. 24 Mo, and 0. 005 N in mass % as alloys. • 29. 11. 2020 Page 29

Classification of Steels in the petroleum industry Based on its resistance to H 2

Classification of Steels in the petroleum industry Based on its resistance to H 2 S and CO 2 corrosion, we can differentiate different kind of steels, e. g. : • Carbon Steels • Stainless Steels • Ni-alloys 29. 11. 2020 Page 30

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties relationship • 29. 11. 2020 Page 31

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties relationship • 29. 11. 2020 Page 32

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties

-Pipeline engineering -Engineer: • Properties of different materials • Machining of materials • Microstructure-properties relationship • 29. 11. 2020 Page 33

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? 29. 11. 2020 Page 34

Do we REALLY need materials with higher material strengths? 29. 11. 2020 Page 34

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1050 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1050 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 35

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1150 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1150 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 36

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1250 °C 29. 11.

Grain size distribution RESULTS of a sample heated up to 1250 °C 29. 11. 2020 Page 37

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements [3] 29. 11. 2020 Page

Comparison of LUT and HT-LSCM average grain size measurements [3] 29. 11. 2020 Page 38

HT-LSCM measurements can not be transformed after the Takayama approach, if abnormal grain growth

HT-LSCM measurements can not be transformed after the Takayama approach, if abnormal grain growth takes place. Once abnormal grain growth beginns the standard deviation changes and it can not be any longer be considered constant. Another approach would be required. 29. 11. 2020 Page 39

Solutions for Critical Raw Materials Under Extreme ConditionsSolutions for Critical Raw Materials Under Extreme Conditions
Critical Raw Materials Under Extreme Conditions A ReviewCritical Raw Materials Under Extreme Conditions A Review
Basic research needs materials under extreme conditions BobBasic research needs materials under extreme conditions Bob
EXTREME SPORTS Bungee jumping Extreme mountain biking ExtremeEXTREME SPORTS Bungee jumping Extreme mountain biking Extreme
EXTREME COLD AND EXTREME HEAT EXTREME COLD HumansEXTREME COLD AND EXTREME HEAT EXTREME COLD Humans
FORECASTING EXTREME STORM CONDITIONS USING MULTIVARIATE EXTREME VALUEFORECASTING EXTREME STORM CONDITIONS USING MULTIVARIATE EXTREME VALUE
FORECASTING EXTREME STORM CONDITIONS USING MULTIVARIATE EXTREME VALUEFORECASTING EXTREME STORM CONDITIONS USING MULTIVARIATE EXTREME VALUE
Extreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under ExtremeExtreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under Extreme
Extreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under ExtremeExtreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under Extreme
Extreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under ExtremeExtreme Networking Achieving Nonstop Network Operation Under Extreme
SURFACE ACTIVITY OF SURFACTIN UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS pSURFACE ACTIVITY OF SURFACTIN UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS p
Brijuni Conference 2004 Summary Matter under Extreme ConditionsBrijuni Conference 2004 Summary Matter under Extreme Conditions
Hydrogen burning under extreme conditions Scenarios Hot bottomHydrogen burning under extreme conditions Scenarios Hot bottom
Compact objects Neutron stars matter under extreme conditionsCompact objects Neutron stars matter under extreme conditions
AGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and HandlingAGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and Handling
AGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and HandlingAGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and Handling
AREA DEFECTS GRAIN BOUNDARIES Grain boundaries Burgers vectorAREA DEFECTS GRAIN BOUNDARIES Grain boundaries Burgers vector
AGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and HandlingAGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and Handling
KOOROORA COMMODITIES GRAIN FARMING AND GRAIN TRADING PROJECTKOOROORA COMMODITIES GRAIN FARMING AND GRAIN TRADING PROJECT
AGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and HandlingAGAINST THE GRAIN Safe Grain Storage and Handling
Pure Grain Tradition Health TRADITION HEALTH Pure GrainPure Grain Tradition Health TRADITION HEALTH Pure Grain
Understanding Grain Aeration Best Practices for Grain StorageUnderstanding Grain Aeration Best Practices for Grain Storage
Owensboro Grain Company Owensboro Grain Edible Oils OwensboroOwensboro Grain Company Owensboro Grain Edible Oils Owensboro
Grow Grain Valley Grain Valley Partnership Your guideGrow Grain Valley Grain Valley Partnership Your guide