Solid Waste Management Road Ahead and Opportunities for

Solid Waste Management - Road Ahead and Opportunities for the Corporates Dr. Shyamala Mani Professor NIUA

Solid Waste Management Rules 2016 Definitions • “waste hierarchy” means the priority order in which the solid waste is to should be managed by giving – emphasis to prevention, reduction, reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal, – with prevention being the most preferred option and the disposal at the landfill being the least

Wet Waste (Daily Collection) Rejects (Red Bucket) Recyclable Dry Waste (ITC/RECYCLER) Electronic Waste (Saahas) (BBMP) SANITARY WASTE Veg & Fruit Peels Tea Leaves Egg Shells Leftover Food (Veg & Non Veg) • Coffee Powder • Dry Flowers, Seeds • Small Quantity of dry leaves • • (To be suitably wrapped in paper and marked “X”) • Sanitary pads, • Disposable diapers • Menstrual cloths • Bandages • Ear buds, Hair • Used Cotton • Any material contaminated with blood and the like. • Household dust, sweepings • Coconut shells • Tender coconut • Old Brooms • Sponge & Dusters • Crayons • Wood, Furniture • Rubber, Cloth • Rexin • Discarded Footwear • Leather, Thermocol Disposal: In closed marked bins, to be kept at DOORSTEP ONLY Pickup: Daily • • • • Pizza and Food Boxes Junk Mail, Tickets Pamphlets, Bills Rinsed Paper Cups and Plates Empty Cartons Cardboards, Bubble wrap Computer Printouts Empty Paper Packets Paper Gift Wrapping Broken Plastic Toys Empty Plastic Medicine Bottles Cartons ( used for Packaging ) Metal • • • Washed Milk Covers Plastic Bags, Gift Wraps Chips and Toffee Wrappers Plastic Bottles (Shampoo, Floor Cleaners, Toothpaste etc. ) Rinsed Plastic Plates & Cups Empty Tetra pack Containers Aluminum Foil Empty Metal Spray Cans Shaving Brushes Metal Bottle Caps Broken Household Metal Recyclable Dry Waste (ITC/RECYCLER) (Glass Bottles & Tin Cans) • Unbroken Emptied Bottles (Beer, sauce & jam bottles, medicine bottles, glass jars etc. ) • Emptied Tin Cans (coke, beer etc. ) • Emptied Tinned food cans Pickup: Weekly Once On Saturday by 12 noon Raheja Residency Apartments, Koramangala 3 rd • Batteries & Wires, button cells • CFL bulbs, Expired cards with chips • CD/ DVD/ Floppy & Tapes • Broken Electronic Toys • Bulbs & Tube lights • Chargers & Adapters • Printer Cartridges • Computer and mobile parts • Other household electronic Items Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) (TBD) • Cleaning agents, Mosquito Repellants mats, spray cans • Paints • Oils (other than cooking oil) • Solvents & their containers • Discarded Medicines/ Syringes/Thermometers • Chemical Cosmetics • Razors • Insecticides & their containers • Unused/ Expired Metal Spray Cans • Air Fresheners Disposal: Individuals to dispose in designated bins

Recyclables (ITC) ü Program initiated in Aug ’ 11 ü All 8 blocks on board in May ‘ 12 ü Weekly collection every Saturday

Plastic/Metal/Glass/Paper ü washed and dried ü free of food residue

Wet waste Source: telegraph. co. uk

No Plastic Lining Saving 2, 91, 200 plastic bags/year

Smell ?

Wet waste treatment Composter for fifty households Household biogas

Rejects (red bucket) ü House sweepings, hair ü Pet droppings, wrapped in newspaper ü Sanitary pads, diapers, etc *– wrapped in newspaper and marked with a red X ü Dry coconut shells ü Bin lined with newspaper only ü Collected daily (if needed) * Sanitary waste includes any tissues/cloth soiled with body fluids

Hazardous + E-waste ü Tubelights and bulbs üBatteries üCleaning agents üPaints üOils (non-cooking) üAerosol cans üCosmetics üInsecticides üMedicines üSyringes ü Common bin placed in each üThermometers block lobby üCDs/DVDs ü Collection/Disposal - TBD üCassettes üE-waste (computer and mobile parts)

Other types of dry waste Material Classification? Recyclable? Thermocol NOT recyclable. Minimize usage, do not buy thermocol plates. Return thermocol in packing material to the store after delivery (frig, washing machine etc) Broken pots Rejects or Debris Pet litter Sanitary waste. To be disposed of in a newspaper bag marked with a red X Cloth, waste fabric Goonj (http: //goonj. org/) will accept all kinds of torn/waste cloth and fabric. Organize a collection drive. Broken brooms and mops If plastic, throw with ITC recyclables. If wooden, throw with red bucket. Soiled plastic (chutney / sambar packets) Please avoid usage! The flimsy plastic used is not food grade, and is BAD for health, especially if hot liquids poured in it. Take your own dabba for darshini carryout If used, rinse and dry, and put in ITC bag, or if not possible to clean, throw as rejects.

Home Composting

My Balcony

Market waste - plenty

Material Flow Chart External Desulfurization Fermentation Reactor CHP Pre Tank Substrate Biogas Thermal Energy Solid Dosage Unit Transformer Post Fermentation Reactor Storage Tank Fertilizer 16 Current

Plant Types FLOATING DOME TYPE PLUG FLOW TYPE 17

Community level Biomethanation

Biomethanation for hotels and canteens TEAM technology at Sona TEAM technology at Faridabad

Bio-methanation for market waste

Bangalore 2015 Biogas stored for conversion to electricity Biogas for cooking and Electricity for Streetlighting

Bioconversion Process Aerobic Composting The segregated wet wastes from zones 1, 2 & 3 is brought to the composting site. It is composted in the heap method through a process called Aerobic Composting. l The heap of waste is turned for aeration once in four days. This helps to regulate the moisture and temperature and hastens the process of organic composting.

Centralised Composting facility Segregated Transportation Sieving and grading

Centralised Composting Aerobic Composting Compost as per FCO

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT, NEW MOTI BAGH (WASTE PROCESSING UNIT)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT (COMPOST MACHINE OWC FOR HOUSEHOLD WASTE)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT (STORAGE/PROCESSING RACK FOR PELLETS & COMPOST)

Composting of canteen and garden waste in green campuses by Green Bandhu

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT (FOR HORTICULTURAL WASTE)

Bangalore 2015 Transportation of Dry and Sanitary waste from Bulk generators Dry waste donation collection from Individual Bunglows

Bangalore 2015 contd… Dry waste sorting at DWCC/ MRF Separated and Stored for sale at DWCC/ MRF

Bangalore 2015 contd… Dry waste sorting shed with storage Recyclables Rate List displayed at DWCC

Zero-waste centre at Lakkadpur, Faridabad

Resources supply and logistics � Segregated plastic waste is collected from the wards at Pammal and from the township at Kalpakkam � Segregated Plastic Waste is transported to the project site at Natham-kariacheri � Frequency of transportation – once in 15 days

Plastic strips on handloom Two handloom structures are available and functional Water pouches and plastic carry bag strips are woven together on handloom Warp is the cotton thread and Weft is the plastic water pouches and carry bags Lakshmi from the nearby areas got trained on the job Plastic woven material for making 20 pieces are woven in a day

Designing and tailoring A part-time designer designs trendy and useful products We have designed more than 40 varieties of products Plastic woven materials are woven and stitched according to designs Production is based on the demand for a product Completing 7 to 10 products per day 2 professional tailors do the stitching

Marketing of Avthar products � Marketing through word of mouth � People with Eco inclination � People who want to contribute their part to the cause Visitors to EGP � Sales at Exhibitions � • Ebay – Pay pal Road show – October 2012 • Rotary Exhibition – Eat Festival – Nov 2012 • Infosys, Bangalore – Dec 2012 • Virtusa, Chennai – Dec 2012 • AECS School, Kalpakkam – Jan 2013 • Great Lakes Management Institute - Feb 2013 • L&T Green Day celebration – March 2013

Poly. Al products made from metalized plastics & straw

Poly. Al products

CSR supported NGO Women engaged in making products from waste Recycled handicraft products

Roads of plastics vs Plastic Roads

Waste Tyres to Oil

Waste Plastics to Oil

CSIR-IIP technology for waste plastics to Diesel

Educating about Plastics

Sustained Behavioral Change

Construction & Demolition Waste Recycling Plant Process Flowchart Coverage of Shastri Park Plant

Equipment for C&D Waste Recycling

Shastri Park C&D Plant Products from C&D waste recycling Separation of Brick aggregates

Common waste treatment facility Old dumpsites Capping and gas recovery

Landfill gas trapping LFG scrubbing and electricity generation Leachate treatment

Waste to Energy through RDF preparation Air Pollution Control Devices

Electricity generation Turbines Leachate treatment

Conclusion • There are plenty of opportunities for Corporates in Waste Management from Decentralised to Centralised, from investment to CSR, from empathy to engagement. • Working alongside communities, local bodies and achieving compliance is the best road forward for Swachh Bharat.

Thank you smani@niua. org