Solid State Physics for Materials Design Materials Properties Electrical conductivity Superconductivity Polarization Index of refraction Magnetization and magnetic susceptibility Ø Heat capacity Ø Thermal expansion Ø Ø Ø Electronic Structure of Matter Ø Electronic band structure Ø Brillouin zones Ø Fermi energy and Fermi surface Ø Reciprocal space and reciprocal lattice 2
Applications Ø Electrical resistance of metals, Electrical conductivity of semiconductors and polymers, Semiconductor devices Ø Reflectivity and absorption of light, Photodiodes, Solar cells, Laser, Optical storage devices Ø Permanent magnets, GMR effect, Magnetic sensors, Magnetic storage devices Ø Thermal conductors, Thermal barrier coatings, Pyroelectric effect, Seebeck effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect 3
Classical Theory Ø Experimental observation Ø Phenomenological description of physical phenomena Ø Continuum theory (macroscopic properties) Solid State Physics Ø Theory for explanation of the materials properties on the microscopic scale 4
Outline (Solid state “theory”) - Solution of the Schrödinger equation for an electron in periodic potential - Formation of energy bands - Fermi energy and Fermi surface - Direct and reciprocal space / lattice - Brillouin zones 5