SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE TYPES OF WASTE Solid

SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE

TYPES OF WASTE � Solid Waste-unwanted soilds � Municipal Soild Waste-garbage � Industrial Solid Waste-indirect � Hazardous (Toxic) Waste-threatens human health=toxic/flammable � Batteries/pesticides/cleaners/sludge **Affluenza-US = 1/3 of the solid waste (55% MSW/30% recycled/15% burned) Al/tires/diapers/carpet/plastic bottles/Styrofoam/edible food/paper

INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT (IWM) � Waste Reduction � Waste Management � 75 -90% of soild waste could be eliminated THE FOUR R’s! � Refuse � Reduce � Reuse � Repurpose � Recycle

RECYCLE � Items: paper, glass, aluminum, steel, and plastics. � PRE CONSUMER and POST CONSUMER US recycles 30% Japan 50% � Primary-recycled into same product � Secondary-recycled into new product � MSW MRF’s (materials recovery facilities) Advantages Disadvantages � Composting Air/Water Pollution Landfills lose $ Save Energy May lose $ (glass/plastics) Reduce GH emissions Source Separation $ paper, metals

Where else would the garabage go? Power…. . Burning…. Burying. …. . Landfills

LANDFILLS http: //science. howstuffworks. com/environmental/greenscience/landfill. htm � Open Dumps-developing � Sanitary Landfills-Lined with wells to monitor leakage. Thin layers (compacted) w/ clay/plastic (reduce leachate, fire, odor, animals). Leachates are pumped into tanks to store onsite.

Advantages Disadvantages No open burning Noise/Traffic Odor Dust/Erosion Lined-low groundwater pollution Air Pollution. CO 2/methane/VOC’ s/Dioxins! Quick to build Leaks/Leachates Low $ Slow decomposition Filled- Recreation Discourages RRRR High Yield

HAZARDOUS WASTE � Soild/liquid that is toxic, ignitable, corrosive, or could explode. � Organic-solvents/pesticides/PCB’s, Dioxins � Heavy Metals-Pb (neurotoxin/teratogen), Hg (neurotoxin/coal burning, volcanoes/bioaccumulation fish), Arsenic U. S………is #1 (Let’s go China!) � Military – 1/3 – NO EPA INTERACTION Government Regulates: � Chemical Companies CERCLA (SUPERFUND)tax/regulate point source � Mining Industry Resource Conservation and Recovery Act-illegal disposal/permits

� Superfund-allocated to clean up abondoned hazardous waste sites (brownfields)…. . expired in 1995 -now taxpayers pay…. . � Terrorists love hazardous waste

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE � Recycle, reuse, detoxify, burn, bury? � Incineration or Plasma Torch-HIGH temp. break down hazards Air � Bury-Deep Well Disposal-underneath aquifers Air/Water � Detox: � Physical: Filters/electrostatics/capsules � Chemical: cyclodextrin- starch/nanomagnets � Biological-bioremediation-bacteria/enzymes convert to harmless � Phytoremediation-”Pollution Sponges” GM plants to absorb/filter contaminants from soil/water