SOLAR POWER SYSTEM AND INTERFACING OF GRID Basic

SOLAR POWER SYSTEM AND INTERFACING OF GRID

Basic module of solar power system

Solar panel: 1. Polarity = +ve - no 1 -ve - no 1 2. Type of current out put from panel = DC 3. Single cell out put = 2 V or may be less normally 32, 36, or 48 cells are connected in grid wise 4. Total out put = 12 V most , most photovoltaic panel are of same voltage ie : -12 V 5. Maximum power current = 8. 07 A 6. Total tolerance =+ or – 3%

Invertor : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Type of input current = DC Type of output current = AC Input current = up to 12 A Input voltage = 12 V Out put current = 16 A Out put voltage = 230 V Frequency = 50 Hz No load power = 5 W Switch soard : 1. 2. Current = 15 A Voltage = 230 V

3. Frequency = 50 Hz etc

Solar power system : As we all know that solar energy is a energy that is obtained from sun, when the sun shine falls on the solar panel the electricity is generated. Solar panel is the part of solar power generation system solar panel: -

Solar panel is made up of many parts like 1. Anodized aluminum frame 2. High transparent tempered glass 3. Encapsulant material - EVA. 4. Photovoltaic solar cell 5. Encapsulant material - EVA. 6. Insulating back sheet 7. Junction box 1. Anodized aluminum frame: - it is in the outer cover, it will protect the total panel from mechanical injuries 2. High transparent tempered glass : -it is just like the tempered glass whish we use for mobile phone. But in this case the glass will be harder

3. Encapsulant material - EVA : - It is the transparent material which will not allow UV ray and reduces water vapor absorption. 4. Photovoltaic solar cell : - It is main part of the solar panel which convert sun light into electrical energy. 5. Encapsulant material - EVA : - it is the same layer which is above photovoltaic cell and work as the same as above layer. 6. Insulating back sheet : - it is the sheet which insulate the power flow all over the cell and waste of electrical energy. 7. Junction box : - which is a junction, from which the DC supply taken out to inverter. These solar panel is connected in grid which can effect the customer electricity usage cost, Grid- connected solar panels comparatively easier to install because this system does not require a battery system. The largest grid connected solar panel in the world is 390 MW

Application of solar energy : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Solar water heater Solar pumping Solar dying of animal product Solar cooking Solar electric power products Advantages : 1. 2. 3. 4. Easy to install Battery system is not required for grid connected solar power system Grid connected has effective utilization of generated power There will be no storage losses

Disadvantages: 1. 2. 3. 4. Grid connected photovoltaic system causes issues with voltage regulation The injected electricity will increase the voltage and band width will be + or - 5% acceptance Grid connected PV can compromise power quality Protection is less comparatively