Soil Nutrients and its Role By Vigyan Ashram

Soil Nutrients and it’s Role By – Vigyan Ashram , Pabal | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 1

Macro Vs Micro Nutrients • Macro nutrients are required by the plant in relatively large amounts • Micro nutrients are required only in small amounts – minor or trace elements | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 2

Macro nutrients • Non-mineral elements – carbon (C) – hydrogen (H) – oxygen (O) • Secondary Nutrients – calcium (Ca) – magnesium (Mg) – sulfur (S) • Primary Nutrients – Nitrogen (N) – Phosphorus (P) – Potassium (K) | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 3

Micro nutrients • • Iron (Fe) Copper (Cu) Zinc (Zn) Boron (B) Molybdenum (Mo) Manganese (Mn) Chlorine (Cl) | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 4

Functions of Nitrogen • Promotes growth of leaves and stems • Gives dark green color and improves quality of foliage • Necessary to develop cell proteins and chlorophyll | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 5

Materials Supplying Nitrogen | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 6

Nitrogen • Deficiency symptoms – sick, yellow-green color – short stems, small leaves, pale colored leaves and flowers – slow and dwarfed plant growth | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 7

Nitrogen deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 8

Functions of Phosphorus • Stimulates early formation and growth of roots • Provides for fast and vigorous growth and speeds maturity • Stimulates flowering and seed development • Necessary for the enzyme action of many plant processes | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 9

Materials Supplying Phosphorus | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 10

Phosphorus • Deficiency symptoms – decrease in growth – slow maturity – older leaves are purplish color | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 11

Phosphorus Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 12

Functions of Potassium • Used to form carbohydrates and proteins • Formation and transfer of starches, sugars and oils • Increases disease resistance, vigor and hardiness | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 13

Materials Supplying Potassium | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 14

Potassium • Deficiency symptoms – mottled, spotted, streaked or curled leaves – scorched, burned, dead leaf tips and margins | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 15

Potassium Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 16

Functions of Calcium • Improves plant vigor • Influences intake and synthesis of other plant nutrients • Important part of cell walls | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 17

Calcium • Deficiency symptoms – small developing leaves – wrinkled older leaves – dead stem tips | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 18

Calcium Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 19

Functions of Magnesium • Influences the intake of other essential nutrients • Helps make fats • Assists in translocation of phosphorus and fats | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 20

Magnesium • Deficiency symptoms – Interveinal chlorosis-yellowing of leaves between green veins – leaf tips curl or cup upward – slender, weak stalks | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 21

Magnesium Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 22

Functions of Sulfur • Promotes root growth and vigorous vegetative growth • Essential to protein formation | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 23

Sulfur • Deficiency symptoms – young leaves are light green with lighter color veins – yellow leaves and stunted growth | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 24

Sulfur Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 25

Iron • Functions of Iron – Essential for chlorophyll production – Helps carry electrons to mix oxygen with other elements • Deficiency symptoms – mottled and interveinal chlorosis in young leaves – stunted growth and slender, short stems | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 26

Iron Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 27

Copper • Functions – Helps in the use of Iron – Helps respiration • Deficiency symptoms – young leaves are small and permanently wilt – multiple buds at stem tip | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 28

Copper Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 29

Zinc • Functions – plant metabolism – helps form growth hormones – reproduction • Deficiency symptoms – retarded growth between nodes (rosetted) – new leaves are thick and small – spotted between veins, discolored veins | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 30

Zinc Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 31

Boron • Functions – affects water absorption by roots – translocation of sugars • Deficiency Symptoms – short, thick stem tips – young leaves of terminal buds are light green at base – leaves become twisted and die | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 32

Boron Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 33

Manganese • Functions – plant metabolism – nitrogen transformation • Deficiency symptoms – interveinal chlorosis – young leaves die | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 34

Manganese Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 35

Molybdenum • Functions – plant development – reproduction • Deficiency symptoms – stunted growth – yellow leaves, upward curling leaves, leaf margins burn | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 36

Molybdenum Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 37

Chlorine • Functions – essential to some plant processes – acts in enzyme systems • Deficiency symptoms – usually more problems with too much chlorine or toxicity than with deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 38

Chlorine Deficiency | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 39

Summery Table | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 40

Thank you ! | Vigyan Ashram | INDUSA PTI | 41