Sociology 690 Data Analysis Simple NonQuantitative Data Analysis

Sociology 690 – Data Analysis Simple Non-Quantitative Data Analysis

Grouping Non-Quantitative Data l Frequencies l Percentages l Ratios l Rates

Graphing Non-Quantitative Data l Pie Charts and Bar Graphs l 3 -D Graphs l Pictographs l Population Pyramids

Cross-classifying NQ Data l Column, Row and Cell Marginals l Percentaging Tables l Simple Summary Statistics – Lambda – Gamma – Chi Square

The Non-Quantitative Elaboration Model A. Elimination B. Specification 1. Antecedent Spuriousness X Z e. g. the effect of fire size (Z) on the relationship between # of firemen (X) and damage (Y) Y 2. Intervening X Y Z e. g. the effect of education (Z) on the relationship between age (X) and income (Y)

Non-quantitative Statistical Example Step 1 – Construct the zero order cross-tabulation table. Step 2 – Calculate the zero order measure of association. The Marginal (Zero-Order) Table M F Tot Rep 25 15 40 Dem 15 25 40 Tot 40 40 80 e. g. Lambda = 40/40 – 30/40 =. 25

Step 3 – Construct the first order partial tables. The Marginal Table M F Tot Rep 25 15 40 Dem 15 25 40 Tot 40 40 80 Partial Table for Young = M F Tot Rep 15 15 30 Dem 15 15 30 Tot 30 30 60 Step 4 – Calculate the partial measures of association Lambda Partial Table for Old + M F Tot Rep 10 0 10 Dem 0 10 10 Tot 10 10 20 Total Young Old . 25 . 00 1. 00 Step 5 – Form the conclusion Since the partials have changed from the marginal measure, one getting stronger and the other disappearing, we would say that we have specified the zero order relationship as probably intervening (i. e. we are born into a sex, grow older and as a result, join a political party).