Social Learning Theory the process of altering behavior

Social Learning Theory - the process of altering behavior by observing and imitating others. Refers to ALL learning in social situations - not concerned w/ mechanical responses to stimuli or reinforcement

Albert Bandura (1925 - ) American psychologist who studied the consequences a model has on subjects

Two Types of Social Learning 1. Cognitive learning- focuses on how information is obtained, processed and organized. Concerned with the mental processes 2. Modeling-learning by imitating; copying behavior

Cognitive Maps Tolman believed that animals and humans have the ability to make “mental maps”… forming mental images where they are in their environment

Latent Learning that is not demonstrated by an immediately observable change in behavior. Learning can even occur in the absence of the reinforce…

Learned Helplessness 3 ELEMENTS Stability- the belief that the state of helplessness is permanent Globality – belief that a failure in one area will result in a failure in all areas Internality – the person focuses on them self as the reason for all failures

MODELING Model: a person whose behavior is watched and imitated Modeling: The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

TYPES OF MODELING 1. Do what others go… - clap or look up 2. Observational learning or imitation 3. Disinihibition

Social Learning theory can be applied to everyday activities!

Modeling Conditions • In order for modeling to occur: 1. Attention (Are you watching closely? ) • • 1. Fingertips not palm 2. Elbow 90 degrees 3. Bend knees Up and Over!

2. Retention (Can you remember the behavior? ) – Convert instruction to symbols – Imagery Example: Picture what a perfect shot looks like – Verbal Example: Remember “fingertips, elbow straight, knees, up and over. ”

3. Ability (Can you do the behavior? ) Convert symbols into performance • Continual correction • Practice until perfection

4. Motivation (Do you want to do the behavior? ) • Do what works, ignore what’s right • Incorrect form of a basketball shot • Who cares if it looks correct? It only matters if I make it.

Bobo Doll Experiments • Children watched an adult model behaving aggressively toward a “bobo doll” • Results were a strong argument against violence on television • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=vdh 7 M ngntn. I

Bobo Doll Experiment

BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION Learning principles (classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning) applied systematically to change people’s actions and feelings

TOKEN ECONOMY A system that provides tangible rewards for desired behaviors. Chucky Cheese

Summary Learning There are 4 types of LEARNING Classical learn by association Operant learn through reinforcement Social learn by observing and imitation Cognitive learn through mental processing