Social Learning Theory Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 1

Social Learning Theory Assumptions Learning is the result of the thinking process which is influenced by environment Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 2

Constructivism ( cognitive + social ) - Each person construct the rules and their own knowledge framework to understand their experience So, Learning is the process to adjust the knowledge framework to get the new experience of behavior Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 3

Constructivism. Theory The person is called learned if they were construct / arrange their knowledge in their mind Memorizing subject matter is not Learning behavior Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 4

Behaviorism Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 5

B. F. Skinner Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 6

Behaviorism • • Purest version of learning theories Rewards & punishment = conditioning Emphasis on scientific rigor Only replicable observation counts Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 7

How Behaviorists View the Function of the Brain Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 8

Social Learning Theory • • • 1960’s by Albert Bandura No direct reward necessary Allows for thinking ! Part of cognitive revolution in Scientific psychology Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 9

Albert Bandura Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 10

Two Versions of Social Learning Theory • Vicarious Learning - others get rewarded or punished in view of the learner • Pure Modeling - no one gets rewarded or punished Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 11

Who Do the Model? Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 12

Parents Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 13

Pop Stars Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 14

Athletes Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 15

Political Leaders Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 16

Historical Figures Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 17

Problem Many anti-social role models Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 18

Be a Canadian Hero Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 19

Be Violent Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 20

Antagonist character on the movie/tv Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 21

Be a Jack-Ass Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 22

Even Cartoons! Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 23

Be Skinny Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 24

Critique of Learning Theories • • No big picture of the person Too much focus on situations Ignore biological factors Mechanical -- No free will Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 25

Determinism vs. Free Will • Determinism says that all behavior follows scientific laws • Only Humanistic Theories have free will • No room for free will in learning equation: S -------> R Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 26

Social Learning Theory concern on triadic relation between : - PERSON (COGNITIVE) - BEHAVIOR - ENVIRONMENT ALL components are RECIPROCAL DETERMINISM Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 27

PERSON S f l e BEHAVIOR E ff ic y c a O Reinforcement Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 ut co m e Ex pe ct at io n ENVIRONMENT 28

• ENVIRONMENT Influent factor toward personal behavior that come from the outside/ external Divided into : physic and social environment • SITUATION Thinking limitation and personal behavior Limit by positive and negative consequences Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 29

ENVIRONMENT • Social norm • Community access • Influence to others Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 30

BEHAVIOR • Skill • Action/ habitual • Self efficacy Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 31

PERSON • Knowledge • Expectations • Attitude Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 32

SELF CONTROL Personal self control can strengthen learning process and achieve the objective The objective must be specific, so that can be evaluated easily Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 33

REINFORCEMENT • Positive : Reward • Negative : Punishment • Over justification effect : if someone do important activity because of some reward, so they don’t repeat the same important activity and they will not considers that its important to do. • Giving some reward will eliminates the motivation Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 34

Bandura Expectancies BEHAVIOR Incentives Cognition Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 35

EXPECTANCIES Situation Outcome Expectancies - Outcome about the risky behavior. - Example : a person who never cut her/his nail will get worm Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 36

EXPECTANCIES Outcome Expectancies - Expectancies about the behavior that prevent someone from sickness/ disease - Example : drain the water storage can decrease the risk of DHF (Dengue Hemorrhagic fever) Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 37

EXPECTANCIES Self Efficacy Expectancies - Expectancies that person can do their own behavior - Example : the housewife sure that she can make oral rehydration solution Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 38

SELF EFFICACY • Self ability • Personal self confidence about self ability to do certain activity/ behavior • Sureness that the person can do certain behavior. Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 39

Application of SLT Condom use to prevent FSW from HIV&AIDS Expectancies -Condom use can safe FSW from STI -If FSW don’t have STI, HIV, she will got more clien and money Incentives - Condom is still free, so FSW can earn her money -If FSW don’t have STI, she can earn her money to buy antibiotics Cognition - FSW understand how to use condom Healthuse Behavior CHAPTER 9 -FSW know the advantages of condom BEHAVIOR Condom use 40

cy m o d on c e a s le c a i ff n u m e e f a f l c Se SW ctly buy -F orre can y c W m c a o S d c F i - on f c f lf E Behavior Se - FSW use condom in each Sexual activity -FSW use condom with her boyfriend BEHAVIOR Person -FSW understand about the advantages of use condom PERSON -FSW support the use of condom in sexual risk behavior O u tc Outcome om expectation e use can safe FSW from STI -Condom Ex pe have STI, HIV, -If FSW don’t ct at clien and money she will got more i on Reinforcement -FSW will get the bonus from NGO if they use condom -FSW will get a punishment if didn’t use condom Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 Environment -All of FSW used condom ENVIRONMENT -Government will judge FSW who didn’t use condom 41

EVALUATION • What did you know about social Learning Theory? • What are the variables construct SLT? • What is your opinion about the English lesson today? • Give us some suggestion/ advice to the next better lesson? Thanks a lot class, Good Job! Health Behavior CHAPTER 9 42