SMOKING TOBACCO OBJECTIVES q Review smoking and the

SMOKING TOBACCO

OBJECTIVES q. Review smoking and the respiratory system q. Discuss why people smoke tobacco q. Discuss health consequences of tobacco use q Review interventions and effects of quitting smoking

Smoking and the Respiratory System

Smoking and the Respiratory System q. Bronchitis – breathing is difficult because the slow removal of excess mucus and swelling of the airways lining cause the bronchi airways to inflame and narrow q. Emphysema – breathing is difficult as gas exchange is reduced because of the weakening of the smallest bronchioles and destruction of the alveoli and alveoli sac walls

Smoking and the Respiratory System

Smoking and the Respiratory System q. Carcinogens q. Nicotine q. Tar q. Formaldehyde, nitric oxide, and hydrocyanic acid

Choosing to Smoke q. History of tobacco use q. Events that increased choice not to smoke q 1964 report of the Surgeon General of U. S. q. Warning of danger on cigarette packages q. Banning advertisements on television q. Smoke free public places q. Increasing price of cigarettes and ID for purchase q. Removing cigarettes from vending machines q. Programs aimed at saying “no” to cigarettes

Choosing to Smoke q. Smokers vs. Nonsmokers q. Gender q. Ethnicity q. Age q. Occupation q. Educational level

Choosing to Smoke q. Optimistic bias q. Genetic predisposition q. Peer pressure q. Advertising q. Weight control

Choosing to Smoke q. Addicted to nicotine q. Positive reinforcement q. Negative reinforcement q. Optimistic bias q. Weight gain

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q Smoking and Cancer q Smoking and cardiovascular disease q Smoking and chronic lower respiratory disease

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q Fires q Psychiatric and substance use disorders q Various diseases q Strength, balance, neuromuscular performance q Suicide

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q. Women q. Cardiovascular disease q. Pregnancy q. Men q. Erectile dysfunction q. Children

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q. Cigarette and Pipe Smoking q. Less hazardous than smoking cigarettes q. Carcinogenic q. Lower risk of lung cancer compared to cigarette-only smokers q. Inhaling cigar and pipe smoke

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q. Passive smoking also known as environmental tobacco smoke or secondhand smoke q. Cancer q. Cardiovascular disease q. Children

Health Consequences of Tobacco Use q. Smokeless Tobacco q. Snuff and chewing tobacco q. Ethnicity q. Age

Interventions for Reducing Smoking Rates q. Information q. School-based programs q. Project D. A. R. E. q. Smoking prevention in health education q. Providing booster sessions q. Reinforcing prevention messages in community, by parents, and in the media

Interventions for Reducing Smoking Rates q. Quit smoking without therapy q. Using nicotine replacement therapy q. Gum, inhalers, lozenges, patches, and spray q. Psychological intervention q. Community campaign

Interventions for Reducing Smoking Rates q. Age q. Gender q. Supportive social network q. Relapse prevention q. Abstinence violation effect – feelings of guilt and loss of control often experienced after a person lapses into an unhealthy habit after a period of abstinence

Effects of Quitting q. Weight gain q. Health benefits q. Reduced mortality rates