Smart Lighting Summer Challenge Course Thomas Little Overview

Smart Lighting Summer Challenge Course Thomas Little

Overview § Structure of the course Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here § The Smart Lighting Engineering Research Center § The Vision of the Center § Visual Light Communications (VLC) § The Lab Kits

Structure of the Course § Goal: iteratively build up skills and knowledge to create Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here a point to point visible light communications system § Use Mobile Studio and the Rhett Board to investigate LEDs, modulation, and data communications § A set of lab modules that will be completed in class § Lab log books § Final summary and presentation by the class of the work done in lab

The Smart Lighting Center § Fundamental advancements in LEDs – that enable a wide range of new Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here applications in § § Exploit strength in § § § Bio-imaging Communications Display technologies Novel materials Devices Downstream systems Strong commitment to education, supporting underrepresented groups 10 years > $18 M from National Science Foundation § > $50 M via supplementary university, state, industry § Boston University role § Communications and networking

THE 20 TH CENTURY: BATHED IN ELECTRIC LIGHT Bulbs, Tubes and Fixtures Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here • Easy off and easy on • Light Quality: White • Hot Filaments • Plasmas Controls: On/Off/Dim – Human Operator Sensors: Limited or not used Everyone is a Lighting User Controls Sensors

ANOTHER REVOLUTION IN LIGHTING IS COMING Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here First Wave Philips L-Prize Bulb • Globally, over 3000 companies making LED bulbs • Much more efficient, even than CFLs • Adequate white light, but that is about it

BUT LIGHT CAN DO SO MUCH MORE… Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here • Color • High Speed Switching • Spatial Control • Polarization Selectivity Electric Lighting barely taps the full power of Photons

THE SECOND WAVE: SMART LIGHTING Electric Lighting Electronic Lighting Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Luminaires with Components Novel Integrated Systems Bulbs, Sockets, Ballasts (commodity) Semi-permanent (Durable Goods) Limited control: on/off/dim Fully Integrated Sensors, Controls Different Shades of White Any Color, any time Complete New Capabilities and Features with Smart Lighting Systems Data with Illumination with Video Content Visible Light Communications Biochemical Sensing and Mitigation Circadian Corrected Lighting Self Commissioning Lighting Systems

SMART LIGHTING ERC VISION Synthesizing Light for the Benefit of Humanity Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Engineered light for energy efficiency, health, productivity Immersive Lighting

SMART LIGHTING SOCIETAL BENEFITS Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here

ENERGY SAVINGS: EFFICIENT SOURCES, CONTROLS Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here

Energy Efficiency Gains in Lighting Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here

Energy Savings Goals Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here • RGBY Lighting • Controls • Sensors provide key information 1 Quad ~ 172 M barrels of oil equivalent Adapted from the DOE SSL Report, February 2010

Quantification of solid-state lighting benefits Energy benefits § 22% of electricity used for lighting § LED lighting can. Slideshow be 20 Title and. Goes 5 Here more efficient than incandescent and Boston University fluorescent lighting, respectively § Reduction in energy consumption > 1020 J (*) § Barrels of crude oil not needed: 0. 96 109 (*) § Power plants not needed: 280 (*) Environmental benefits § Global warming: Reduction of CO 2 emissions > 10 Gt (*) § Acid rain: Reduction of SO 2 emissions § Mercury, Hg: Reduction of toxic Hg emissions / Hg in homes Financial and economic benefits § Reduction in electrical energy cost > 1012 $ (*) over 10 years, worldwide, see Schubert et al. Reports on Progress in Physics 69, 3069 (2006) Cause: CO 2 Antarctica Cause: SO 2 Czech Republic CO 2 , SO 2, NOx, Hg, U Switzerland Cause: Waste heat and acid rain United States

Lighting Impacts Health Intensity Spectrum Distribution Timing Duration Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Visual System Performance, Well-being, Satisfaction, and HEALTH IESNA Circadian Disruption: • • Cancer Heart Disease Diabetes Obesity What Else? • Cognition • Memory • Recovery Circadian System Intensity Spectrum Distribution Timing Duration 15

Biochemical Sensing and Mitigation Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here • Distributed Biochemical Sensing • UVC Germicidal Mitigation • UVA Photocatalytic Purification

Lighting – Changes are Coming Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here The Right Light, Where and When You Need It

Visible Light Communications: what it is University Slideshow Title Goes Here §Boston Synopsis § § § Source Modulated light Visible spectrum (you can see it) A la ship to ship Morse code Point to point in simplest form Illumination + communication in the dominant scenarios Intensity Observer Time

Use Cases Drive the “Systems Pull” Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here § Increasing safety in transportation with active braking § Reducing total cost of ownership in indoor illumination and industrial automation by wire elimination

Use Cases Cont. Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here 3. Enabling densely-packed indoor wireless video streaming (e. g. , in airplane) 4. Providing ubiquitous network access where there is human-created light (light=smarts [network/control/communicat ions])

Leveraging Lighting for Communications Indoor Wireless Access Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Visible Light Communications (VLC) Qualities: • Ubiquitous • RF-free zone • Privacy • Localization

Why VLC? Realize the goals Reduced Health Care Costs Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here 1. Enable lighting that is responsive to human needs: quality, timing, characteristic 2. Indoor localization for assisted living, asset mgmt. 3. Enabling safety messaging, remediation protocols Color control From NXP Communications & Networking is essential for these benefits Indoor Navigation

Why VLC? Realize the goals Energy Efficiency & Sustainability Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here 1. Control of lighting for exactly meeting human needs 2. Load management, building management 3. Feedback for individual or aggregations of devices Internet & Grid Lighting tightly integrated into energy management systems Communications & Networking is essential for these benefits

Why VLC? Realize the goals Increased Productivity Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Immersive Lighting 1. Reconcile proliferation of devices in ‘the internet of things’ 2. Responsive low-latency interaction as data consumption skyrockets 3. Localized, high-data-rate communications, and adapting to the limitations of the medium 4. Opportunity to decrease costs via interoperability and reduction in TCO Need responsiveness, speed, and ubiquity of access in the immersive lighting field. Leverage lighting for communications.

How VLC Helps (Cooperative) Augmenting indoor spaces with VLC access can Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here significantly improve performance of existing wireless (Wi. Fi) channels Luminaires Wired Interconnect AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 Network 5 Mb/s Router and Wi. Fi Access Point 15 Mb/s Strategy: Use Wi. Fi, but offload traffic to VLC luminaires for the downlink only

Hand-off for Mobility Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here

Fusion in Lighting and Display Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here Diversity MIMO 2011 Nano-plasmonics Reference Model Fixture Input Power Conversion Color/ intensity Modulation control Network Media Signal Conversion Processing (Bridging) Enclosure LED Drivers Receivers Optical Channel 2018

Boston University Slideshow Title Goes Here