SmallpoxVariola Caused by Variola virus Characterized by sudden
Smallpox(Variola)
• Caused by Variola virus • Characterized by sudden onset of fever, headache, backache, vomiting & sometimes convulsions • Rash – on 3 rd day of fever, centrifugal in distribution & passes through stages of macule, papule, vesicle, pustule, & scab with scarring
• Last known case of small pox in India – 24 May 1975 • India declared small pox free – 5 th July 1975 • Global eradication of small pox – May 1980 • Discontinuation of routine vaccination against small pox by all countries • Reserve stock of smallpox vaccine & vaccinations needles by WHO
Case definition for notification of small pox under IHR, 2005 • An individual of any age presenting with acute onset of fever (≥ 38. 3°C), malaise & severe prostration with head ache & back ache occuring 2 -4 days before onset of rash AND • Subsequent development of maculopapular rash starting on the face & forearms then spreading to trunks & legs, & with in 48 hours firm round vesicles, pustules, which may become umbilicated
AND • Lesions that appear at the same stage of development (i. e all are vesicles or all are pustules) on any given part of the body AND • No alternative diagnosis explaining the illness AND • Laboratory confirmation
§ Primary prophylaxis ▫ Vaccine EDWARD JENNER first vaccine
- Slides: 9