Smallest Unit of Living things The cell www

Smallest Unit of Living things The cell www. cellsalive. com

• Cells WITH membrane-bound structures -called Eukaryotic cells • Cells WITHOUT membrane-bound structures -called Prokaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells Plant cell Animal Cell

Prokaryotic cells

Mitochondion – place where energy is released Ribosome – makes specific proteins Lysosomes – digests food molecules and cell wastes ER – processes and moves materials around inside of cell Golgi Bodies – sort proteins and other cellular substances Vacuole – stores food for the cell Centrioles – produces structures used in cell division

Nuclear Membrane – keeps everything in nucleus Chromosomes – co ntains genetic materials DNA – Deoxyribo. Nucleic Acid Genes – traits found on the DNA molecule

ANIMAL CELL • Nucleus • Cell Membrane • Membrane Structures • Smaller Vacuole • Rounded Shape

PLANT CELLS • Nucleus • Cell Membrane • Larger Vacuole • Membrane Structures • CELL WALL • RECTANGULAR SHAPE

Genetics: Gregor Mendel – Father of Genetics -his experiments with pea plants helped scientists understand traits and heredity ØHEREDITY ØGENETIC HYBRIDS ØPEDIGREES ØDOMINANT/RECESSIVE TRAITS ØGENETIC ENGINEERING ØGENOMES

Dna – dioxyribonucleic acid The genetic material of all organisms, made up of two twisted strands of sugar-phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases.

Watson and Crick DNA Model Guanine - G Cytosine - C Adenine - A Thymine – T *Amount of Cytosine always equals the amount of Guanine *The Amount of Adenine always equals the amount of Thymine