Slide 1 Slide 2 Settling the Northern Colonies

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Slide 2 Settling the Northern Colonies Chapter 3 American Pageant (13 th ed. )

Slide 3 Protestant Reformation Martin Luther and the 95 theses n John Calvin (Calvinism) n – Humans weak & wicked – Predestination – Very strict religion n English Reformation – Puritans & separatists emerged http: //gracebapfellowship. org/wordpress/wpcontent/uploads/2008/06/calvingif. jpg

Slide 4 Puritans & Separatists n Puritans – Members of the Church of England (Anglicans) – Believed in the purification of English Christianity – Used Calvinism as basis – All English admitted n Puritanism fueled social unrest http: //parishofwalthamstow. files. wordpress. com/2008/04/church_of_england_log o. jpg

Slide 5 Puritans & Separatists n King James said “Nono, Separatists!” King James I – Members of the Church of England (Anglicans) – Believed “visible saints” should be only members of Church – Vowed to break from Church of England http: //www. springfield. k 12. il. us/schools/springfield/eliz/images/King. James. I%20 DB%20 per 3

Slide 6 Church of England Anglicans Puritans Separatists

Slide 7 Great English migration n Mayflower & Separatists from Holland (102 Pilgrims) – America seemed logical choice – ½ aboard were separatists – All lawbreakers; no sanction from VA. CO n http: //www. newton. k 12. ks. us/tech/mayflower. bmp Mayflower Compact (1620) – Agreement to institute a government – Majority rule

Slide 8 Great English migration n 70, 000 people left England due to anti. Puritan persecution & problems within Church of England – 20, 000 destined for America – 50, 000 for West Indies n Massachusetts or Barbados? ? ? – Hot or cold – Service or sugar

Slide 9 Massachusetts Bay Colony (MBC) n Puritans (non-separatists) received Royal Charter to set up colony; Puritans found Congregational Church n Chose Boston as center & John Winthrop as first governor n Clergy banned from political office n Most influential place in New England economically & socially

Slide 10 Massachusetts Bay Colony (MBC) n Intolerant of Quakers n Intolerant of Anne Hutchinson – “If you’re predestined for Heaven, why obey the law? ” – Banished from MBC & later killed by Indians n Intolerant of Roger Williams – “Let’s break up with the Church of England & stop bullying the Indians. ” – Ended up founding Rhode Island

Slide 11 MBC vs. Rhode Island (“Rogue’s Island, Sewer, Lord’s Debris”) n Fundamental differences – Approach to religion • MBC: Puritanism, government runs church • RI: Complete freedom of religion – Settlers • MBC: Puritans/Separatists • RI: Religious outcasts & exiles

Slide 12 Royal charter

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Slide 15 King Philip’s War (1675 -1676) n Puritans (settlers in general) vs. Native Americans for preservation of their traditional way of life n Pequot War (1637): brutal slaughter of Pequot Indians n After, an Indian alliance formed between coastal tribes – Led by Metacom (aka King Philip) – English villages attacked, hundreds dead, Philip decapitated & displayed in Plymouth – Destroyed Native influence in New England http: //www. swanseamass. org/images/philipp rofile. jpg n "[Philip was] the most powerful enemy that was ever encountered. . . [and] came near exterminating the whole English race in New England. " Francis Baylies, 1830

Slide 16 Colonial Unity? n New England Confederation (1643) – “Hometown” creation of failed unity n Dominion of New England (1686) – Created in England to enforce Navigation Laws; forced American trade with only English – Led by the hated Sir Edmund Andros • Taxed w/o consent, ruthless, member of Church of England, enforced Nav. Laws, stopped smuggling

Slide 17 Glorious Revolution (1688 -89) English people revolted against oppression from thrown (James II) and enthroned William III and Mary from Netherlands n Dominion of England collapsed: Andros deported n Americans protested old government n Salutary neglect ensued (Nav. Laws not really enforced) n More English in American courts n New royal governors & charters n – Corrupt people “take over”

Slide 18 Starting to come into our own n n n http: //www. hornerhistory. com/images/hibbs/William_Penn. png Virginia (1607) Massachusetts(1620) New Hampshire (1623) Maryland (1634) Connecticut (1635) Rhode Island (1636) Delaware (1638) North Carolina (1653) South Carolina (1663) New Sweden becomes East/West Jersey & New York(1664) Pennsylvania (1681) Georgia (1732)