Skull I Neurocranium II Viscerocranium I Neurocranium Fossa

Skull I. Neurocranium II. Viscerocranium

I. Neurocranium • Fossa cranii caudalis Tentorium cerebelli osseum • Fossa cranii medii Crista orbitosphenoidalis • Fossa cranii rostralis

Fossa cranii caudalis inner (cerebellar) surface ventrally: • Impressio medullaris – sagittal medulla oblongata (brain - spinal cord) • Impressio pontina – transverse pons – bridge dorsally: • Impressio vermialis - sagittal cerebellar vermis tentorium cerebelli osseum

Fossa cranii media med. lat. • fossa hypophysealis (sella turcica) • sulcus nervi ophthalmici (med. ) • sulcus nervi maxillaris (lat. ) spina ossis sphenoidalis • fossa piriformis • impressiones digitatae (imp. gyrorum) rostr. , median: sulcus chiasmatis (sulcus nervi optici)

Fossa cranii rostralis caud. : crista orbitosphenoidalis rostr. : lamina cribrosa / nasal cavity 2 x fossa ethmoidalis (olfactory bulb), for. ethmoidale impressiones digitatae (imp. gyrorum) rostrum (ossis sphen. ), crista galli, crista sagittalis interna

dors. ventr. For. ethmoidale Foramen opticum Fissura orbitalis Foramen rotundum/ For. alare rostrale For. ethmoidale Sulcus chiasmatis Sulcus n. ophthalmici Sulcus n. maxillaris/ For. alare caudale Ru+ Sus: For. orbitorotundum Eq: For. alare parvum – dorsally Ca: 2 x For. ethmoidale

Os temporale: squama ossis temporale os petrosum Os petrosum: pars tympanica pars petrosa pars mastoidea proc. muscularis (thin, needle-like) proc. styloideus (for the hyoide bone) (not in Ca, Sus)

orientation on petrosal bone: lat. : porus acusticus externus pars mastoidea situated laterally rostroventrally directed: proc. muscularis proc. styloideus

os petrosum, med. aspect porus acusticus internus meatus fundus (4 openings) rostrodors. : area n. facialis (introitus canalis n. VII. ) rostroventr. : area cochleae caudodors. : for. vestibulare dors. caudoventr. : for. vestibulare ventr. caud. , dors. : apertura externa aquaeductus vestibuli caud. ventr. : apertura externa canaliculi cochleae rostr. , dors. : fovea ganglii semilunaris = fov. ganglii nervi trigemini

skull, ventral surface • • for. magnum for. nervi hypoglossi for. jugulare (= for. lacerum aborale) Eq. : for. lacerum (orale) med. : incisura carotica (lat. + med. ? ) inc. ovale lat. : inc. spinosa – for. alare caudale – for. retroarticulare – for. stylomastoideum

II. Viscerocranium • • meatus nasi dors. lamina cribrosa ( olfactory bulb) medius sinus paranasales (eq – 1 system) ventr. pharynx ( larynx trachea) communis (next to septum nasi) Orbit fossa sacci lacrimalis (rostr. nasal cavity) fossa glandulae lacrimalis (“lat. ”, but within the orbit) fossa musculi obliqui ventr. (medioventr. ) fovea trochlearis (mediodors. , for m. obliquus dors. ) Ca, Sus: ligamentum orbitale

Arcus zygomaticus Os temporale, proc. zygomaticus Os zygomaticum, proc. temporale Os frontale, proc. zygomaticus Ca, Sus: Lig. orbitale

fossa pterygopalatina caud. rostr. For. maxillare For. infraorbitale For. sphenopalatinum Cavum nasi For palatinum caud. For palatinum majus

palatum durum (hard palate) os palatinum, lamina horizontalis maxilla, proc. palatinus os incisivum, proc. palatinus – margo interalveolaris (= diastema) – septa interaleveolaria – septa intraalveolaria (= interradicularia) rostr. : foramen interincisiva (Ca, Eq) fissura interincisiva (Ru, Sus)

Mandibula lat. : fossa masseterica, rostr. : for. mentale med. : fossa pterygoidea, caud. : for. mandibulae facies lingualis / fac. labialis + fac. buccalis interspec. diff. : margo ventr. – shape angulus mandibulae Eq: tuberositas musculi sternomandibularis Ca: proc. angularis (caudovetr. )