Skill Trades Carpentry Theory By Samantha Harbin 1

Skill Trades Carpentry Theory By: Samantha Harbin

1. Nominal sizes for floor joists are 2 X 6, 2 X 8, 2 X 10, 2 X 12, and 2 X 14 depending on the load they are carrying. For lumber a 2 X 4 is not 2 inches and 4 inches but between 1 3/8 and 1 5/8 inches thick and between 3 3/8 and 3 5/8 wide. OSB is stronger than plywood and is about 2 times thicker.

2. Tail joist: A short beam joist or rafter which is supported by a header joist at one end a wall at the other. The foundation for a floor in a building

2. Continued Construction adhesive: A type of adhesive used to join framing system components. Sill: the bottom or horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. Ribbon joist: the final joist that caps the end of the row joists that supports the floor or ceiling.

2. Continued Crown: The central top section of an arch or vault. Joist hangers: A metal strap used to hang a joist from a larger structural beam.

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1. A post which is placed at a corner or return angle to provide for exterior or interior nailing.

2. Install the top plate Install the bottom plate Attach each wall stud Double up studs where walls meet Add insulation (if exterior) Add vapor barrier (if exterior) Add drywall to the studs Mud and tape Paints walls

3. Bottom plate: the horizontal beam on which studs of a partition rest. Corner brace: the diagonal braces let into the studs of wood frame structures for reinforcement. Cripple stud: a stud located either above or below a framed opening, that does not run the full height of the wall. Header: a framing member crossing and supporting the ends of joists, studs, or rafters so as to transfer their weight to parallel joists, studs, or rafters. Load bearing wall: a wall that bears the weight of the house above said wall. Non load bearing wall: a wall that carries it’s own weight.

3. Continued On center: The standard 16 inches between each wall stud. Rough opening: the opening left in a frame wall to receive a window or door unit. Sole plate: the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. Stud: a vertical framing member in a building’s wall of smaller cross sections than a post. Trimmer: a timber or metal beam used to create an opening around a stairwell, skylight, chimney, and the like.

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