Skeletal System The Skeletal System Bones are hard

Skeletal System

The Skeletal System ► Bones are hard, white, and mainly composed of a mineral compound called calcium phosphate. ► Organs: the organs of the skeletal system are: BONES and JOINTS

4 Functions of the Skeletal System 1. Protection: Bones protect the organs of the body. (ex. Brain, lungs, and heart) and hold organs in place 2. Contains and Makes Blood Cells: Red and white blood cells are formed by tissue called marrow, which is in the center of the bone.

4 Functions of the Skeletal System 3. Support: Provides support for the body and the muscles. Muscle attached to bones!!

4 Functions of the Skeletal System ► 4. Storage: Bones store minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, for use by the body

Various Bone Functions ► Backbone: Provides structure, which allows the body to stand up straight. ► Skull: Acts as a hard, safety helmet to protect the brain.

Various Bone Functions ► Vertebrae: surrounds the spinal cord. ► Rib Cage: Protects the heart and lungs.

Joints of the Skeletal System ► Six basic joints § 1. Ball and Socket § Hinge § Pivot § Saddle § Gliding § Immovable

Joints cont. § Ball and Socket: § -Located at the shoulder and the hips § Hinge: work like a door hinge, they are located at the knee, elbow, and fingers.

Joints of the Body ► Ball and Socket Joint: Round end of bone fitting snuggly within another bone. § Ex. Shoulder and Hip

Joints of the Body ► Hinge Joint: Movement at joint in one direction like a door. § Ex. Knee and Elbow

Joints cont. ► Pivot Joints: found in the neck and the two bones of the lower arm. ► Saddle Joints: found at the base of the thumb

Joints of the Body ► Pivot Joint: Bone resting atop another bone permitting free movement. § Ex. Neck, Wrist and Ankles

Joints cont. ► Gliding: found between the bones of the hands and feet. ► Immovable: found in the skull and the pelvis.

Joints of the Body ► Fixed Immovable: Joint does not move § Ex. Skull ► Gliding Joint: Bones slipping over other bones with a free flowing movement. § Ex. Knuckles

Pelvis (Dancing Bone)

Femur (Largest Bone in the Body)

Problems of the Skeletal System ► Fracture: Break ► Dislocation: joint Out of

Problems of the Skeletal System ► Sprain: Swelling in the joint ► Arthritis: Inflamed and stiff joints

Problems of the Skeletal System!! ► Scoliosis: Curvature of the spine ► Osteoporosis: bones Brittle