Skeletal System National Standards 1 8 1 Analyze

Skeletal System National Standards 1. 8. 1 Analyze the relationship between healthy behaviors and personal health Standard 10. 1 Concepts of Health • Growth and Development • Structure and Function of Major Body Systems • Health Problems Standard 10. 2 Healthful Living • Health practices and well-being

Functions 1. Movement – With help of the muscular system 2. Framework – 3. Protection – 4. Storage – Supportive Structure for the Body Protects Internal Organs Give me an example Minerals like Calcium & Phosphorus 5. Production – Produces blood cells in the Red Marrow of the Long Bones

Axial Skeleton Definition: Bones in the Mid-Line of the Body Like an Axis. . . like the Earth rotates on an Axis 1. Skull – Protects the Brain and Shapes the Face 2. Sternum – “Breast Bone” 3. Ribs – The “Cage” that protects the Lungs and Heart 4. Vertebrae – “The Spine” – Protects Spinal Cord Purpose: PROTECTION

Appendicular Skeleton Definition: Bones that you can move away from the Mid-Line Like an appendage. . . Which is. . . a thing that is added or attached to something larger or more important. 1. Shoulders 4. Hips 2. Arms 5. Legs 3. Hands 6. Feet Purpose: Movement

Bones

Bones - Types 1. Long Bones 2. Short Bones 3. Flat Bones 4. Irregular Bones 5. Sesamoid Bones There are 206 bones in the adult body

Bones – Long Bones Purpose: To provide strength, structure, and mobility 1. Found in the Arms and Legs 2. Very Strong 3. Hollow tube, Filled with Red Marrow that produces blood cells

Bones – Short Bones Purpose: To provide support and stability with little to no movement 1. These bones are as wide as they are long 2. Found in the Hands, Wrists, Feet and Ankles.

Bones – Flat Bones Purpose: To Protect Vital Body Organs 1. They have a FLAT and THIN shape 2. Found in Ribs, Skull & Pelvis

Bones – Irregular Bones Purpose: To Protect Spinal Cord 1. Don’t fit with any other types of bones 2. Found in Vertebrae & Face

Bones – Sesamoid Bones Purpose: They Act like a pulley - They provide a surface for a tendon to slide over. 1. The Patella (Knee Cap)

Quiz Next Class: Matching Word bank Skeleton areas Bone categories

Joints

Joints - Types Definition: The Point at which two or more bones meet 1. Immoveable 2. Slightly Moveable 3. Moveable

Joints Immoveable - Bones in the Skull Slightly Moveable - Bones in the Vertebrae - Short Bones

Joints – Moveable 1. Ball and Socket Joint: Hip & Shoulder 2. Pivot Joint: Neck and Radius 3. Saddle Joint: Thumb 4. Hinge Joint: Knee and Elbow 5. Gliding Joint: Hand Foot 6. Ellipsoid Joint: Wrist and Ankle

Joints – Moveable

Joints – Moveable Gliding

Supportive and Connective Tissues

Cartilage Definition: Strong & Flexible material that has many functions 1. Frame Structure - Nose and Ears 2. Connective Tissue - Ribs to Sternum & Ribs to Vertebrae 3. Cushioning - Between Vertebrae and Knees 4. Gliding Movement - Allows smooth motion in moveable joints

Ligaments Purpose: Connect Bone to Bone 1. A ligament is an elastic band of tissue that connects bone to bone and provides stability to the joint.

Tendons Purpose: Connect Muscle to Bone 1. A tendon is a band of tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Diagram

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Problems

Fractures Definition: - A crack or break in a bone - Open vs Closed Fracture - Displaced vs Non-Displaced

Posture Poor Posture Causes: - Soreness and pain - Poor circulation - Negativity and stress - Digestive issues - Body image issues

Scoliosis Definition: Curvature of the Spine Causes: 1. Could be Unknown 2. Poor Posture 3. Hereditary Treatments: 1. Exercise, Chiropractor 2. Brace 3. Surgery

Scoliosis

Diet Poor Diet – Lack of Calcium - Can lead to. . . Also. . .

Osteoporosis Definition: Holes in the Bones Causes: 1. Loss of Calcium in the Bone Effect: 1. Bones become Weak Treatments: 1. Exercise 2. Proper Diet 3. Extra Calcium

Osteomyelitis Definition: Inflammation of the Soft Inner Surface of the Bones Causes: 1. Bacterial Infection Effect: 1. Bones become Weak / Pain Treatments: 1. Antibiotics 2. Surgery

Injuries Definition: A joint is twisted or receives too much pressure Sprain: Ligament is over-stretched or torn Effect: 1. Swelling / Pain Treatments: 1. RICE 2. Surgery

Dislocation - A Bone slips out of its Joint

Stress Fractures Definition: Tiny cracks in Bones Causes: 1. Overuse, repetitive strain common injuries in sports, especially 2. most for track and field athletes, gymnasts, dancers, tennis players, and basketball players. Treatments/prevent: 1. Stop Exercise/RICE 2. Proper Diet 3. Start slow/Proper shoes

Skeletal Care

Skeletal Care 1. Exercise - Weight Bearing Activity - Flexibility

Skeletal Care 2. Diet - - High in Calcium - milk, cheese and other dairy foods. - green leafy vegetables – such as broccoli, cabbage and okra, but not spinach. - nuts. - bread anything made with fortified flour. High in Phosphorus - Dairy, Fish, Meat, Nuts, Beans, & Whole Grains

The End

Negative Effects of Bad Posture