Skeletal System Lower Extremity Appendicular Lower Extremity Total

Skeletal System “Lower Extremity”

Appendicular - Lower Extremity __ Total Bones ¨ Hipbone (1) = ¨ Femur (1) = 2 ¨ Tibia (1) = ¨ _______ (1) = 2 ¨ Patella (1) = 2 ¨ Tarsals (7) = ¨ _____ (5) = 10 ¨ Phalanges (14) =

Pelvic Girdle ¨ _______ ¨ Formed by fusion of _____ bones ØIlium (superior) ØIschium (_____and posterior) Ø______ (inferior and anterior) ¨ Strong and stable support for ______ column

Ilium (superior) ¨ “Flank” ¨ Most ______ and largest hipbone

Lateral View

Medial View

Ischium (inferior & posterior) ¨ “Hip” ¨ Inferior, posterior portion of the hipbone

Pubis (inferior & anterior) ¨ “_______ mature” ¨ Anterior and inferior part of the hipbone

Pelvis ¨ Together with the sacrum and coccyx, the two hipbones form the basin-like “Pelvis” ¨ Pelvic Brim / Inlet: • seperates the superior and inferior portions of the pelvis • is the superior boundary of pelvis oblique plane

Pelvic Brim / Inlet Plane from sacrum to sup. pubic symphysis

Female Pelvis • Wide pelvic outlet • Shallow Male Pelvis • Narrow pelvic outlet • Deep

Female Pelvis • ______ pelvic outlet • Shallow • Pubic arch > 90 -deg Male Pelvis • _____ pelvic outlet • Deep • Pubic arch < 90 -deg

Femur ¨ “Thighbone” ¨ _____, heaviest, and ______ bone in body ¨ Head of femur ¨ Proximally _____ with hipbone at the ________ ¨ _____ articulates with tibia and patella

Femur – Proximal End Anterior

Tibia ¨ “_____Shinbone” ¨ Larger, medial bone of lower leg ¨ Bears _____ of body’s weighty ¨ Proximal articulation with _______ and _____ ¨ _____ articulation with fibula and talus

Tibia - Distal End ¨ Medial Malleolus “medial ankle bone” Medial Malleolus Fibular Notch Anterior

Fibula ¨ _______ “shinbone” ¨ Thinner and smaller than tibia ¨ Does not bear much bodyweight (nonweight bearing)

Patella ¨ “Kneecap” ¨ Largest ____bone ¨ Subcutaneous and easily _______ ¨ Increases _____ for quadriceps muscles ¨ Lies anterior to distal femur

Tarsal Bones ¨ _______ Ø Heel bone ¨ Talus Ø Most superior and articulates with tibia ¨ Navicular Ø _______ ¨ _______ Ø Lateral ¨ _______ Ø Medial (1 st) Ø Intermediate (2 nd) Ø Lateral (3 rd)

Lateral Cuneiform Intermediate Cuneiform Medial Cuneiform Navicular Cuboid Talus Calcaneus Superior

Metatarsals ¨ 5 per foot ¨ Numbered 1 -5 from big toe to little toe Ø ex: Big Toe “______” =1 Ø ex: Pinky Toe= 5 1 2 3 4 5

Phalanges ¨ 14 bones of the toes ¨ ____ per toe ¨ ____ per big toe ¨ Regions: Ø ______________ Ø _______