Skeletal System and Muscular System Skeletal System Function

Skeletal System and Muscular System

Skeletal System Function n n Give your body shape Allow your body to move in conjunction with your muscles Protects your internal organs Marrow in bones produce red blood cells Bone acts as a storage place for essential minerals

Bone Structure n 4 Main types of Bone n n Outer layer is dense and hard n n Long, short, flat, irregular Smooth, white in color, 80% of bone mass Inner layer is spongy and pourus n n Allows for space for blood vessels, nerves, and marrow Makes us remaining 20% of bone mass

Interesting Bone Facts n n n Newborn baby has around 300 bones. As they grow older, bones fuse together. 206 bones in fully grown humans. 54 bones in your hands + wrists, 26 in your feet and 29 in your head. One cubic inch of bone can withstand 19, 000 pounds; stronger than concrete! Your skeleton replaces itself every ten years.

Osteoperosis n n n What is it? Reduction in bone mass and density Increased risk of fractures Bones don’t hold their shape How do you prevent it? n Avoid smoking and alcohol n Consume Calcium and Vitamin D n Do weight bearing exercise

Major Bones: Cranium Clavicle Scapula Sternum Humerus Rib Cage Vertebral Column Radius Ulna Metacarpals Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Metatarsals

Muscular System n n n More than 600 muscles in your body Muscles are made up of an elastic type tissue and tens of thousands of small fibers make up this tissue. 3 types of muscle: n Smooth n Cardiac n Skeletal

Smooth Muscle Involuntary n Weakest of muscle types n Found in body organs n

Cardiac Muscle n n n Found only in the heart Responsible for pumping blood throughout body Cells self-stimulate to contract, brain and hormones control rate of contraction

Skeletal Muscle Voluntary muscles n They are attached to the bones by tendons n Work in pairs n Can grow stronger through process of “tearing” and “repairing” n

Major Muscles Frontalis • Trapezius • Deltoid • Pectoralis • Triceps • Biceps • Latissimus Dorsi • Abdominal • Gluteus Maximus • Quadriceps • Hamstring • Gastrocnemius • Achilles Tendon •