Skeletal System Analyze the Function of the Skeletal

Skeletal System Analyze the Function of the Skeletal System

Functions § There are 5 specific functions: § 1. It SUPPORTS body structures and provides shape to the body § 2. It PROTECTS the soft and delicate internal organs § For example: the cranium protects the brain, inner ear, and parts of the eye; ribs and breastbone protect the heart and lungs; vertebral column encases and protects the spinal cord

continued § 3. It ALLOWS MOVEMENT AND ANCHORAGE of the muscles § Muscles that are attaches to the skeleton are called skeletal muscles. § Ligaments are fibrous bands that connect bones to bones and cartilage and serve as support for muscles § Joints are bound together by ligaments; tendons are fibrous cords that connect muscles to bone § Allow for: § § § Abduction and adduction Circumduction and rotation Flexion and extension Pronation and supination (Discussed in more detail at the end)

continued § 4. It PROVIDES MINERAL STORAGE § Bones are a storage depot for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus § In case of inadequate nutrition, the body is able to use these reserves § For example: § If blood calcium drops below normal, the bone releases the necessary calcium into the blood stream; when calcium is above normal, the bone inhibits calcium release § So, skeletal system helps to maintain blood calcium homeostasis

§ 5. It IS THE SITE FOR HEMOPOIESIS § The red marrow of the bone is the site of red blood cell formation § Red marrow is found in long bones, sternum, and ilia (where are the ilia located? ) § White blood cells are made in the yellow marrow

Types of Motion (pg 107) § Flexion: act of bringing 2 bones closer together which decreases the angle b/t the 2 bones § Extension: act of increasing the angle b/t 2 bones, which results in a straightening motion § Abduction: movement of an extremity away from the midline § Adduction: movement toward the midline § Circumduction: includes flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction § Rotation: movement that allows a bone to move around 1 central axis (for example: turning your head from side to side = pivot) § Pronation: the forearm turns the hand so the palm is downward or backward § Supination: the palm is forward or upward

Reading § Please pause and read “The Effects of Aging” on page 106 § If you need to, make a few notes to help you remember.

§ We are done with this one because we completely covered bone formation, vertebral column, ribs, strongest and longest bone (femur), synovial fluid, and joints in the 1 st power point. § See, there is a positive to having a 57 slide ppt, the next one only has 7!