Skeletal System Abbs word part review Skeletal Vocab

Skeletal System

Abb’s & word part review

Skeletal Vocab: for the words below in the square do # 1 & 2 • 1. • 2. using the word parts chart, try to define those vocab terms • Skeletal • articulation • Axial • Bursa • cartilage • Degeneration • Periosteum • Prosthesis • synovial

Vocab activity: no notes • Using the mix and match at your lab station match the word and definition. • We will correct as class • Then fill in your vocab chart • ADD to the definition that you have already done from the prior activity • Skeletal: pertaining to the skeleton

Skeletal flashcards • Scissors and colored pencil please

• Practice Quizzes

Word part practice quiz 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. round, sphere, ball Curved, bent, side to side Bine, hump Inflammation of Axis, main stem Noun ending Tendon Food Joint Gradual impairment, breakdown, diminished function Flat Surrounding, around Lessening in density, porous condition

Cranium Bones

Review!

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Skeletal Outline

Function of Bones • Provide shape and support • Protection of internal organs • Storing minerals and fat • Producing blood cells and platelets • Assisting with movement

Bone Tissue • Composed of: inorganic salts (calcium), bone cells, blood vessels, nerves, collagen • Needs food and oxygen • Continue to grow throughout life, replacing damaged bone

Components of Bone • Osteoblasts (build up bone) • Osteoclasts (clean up bone and debris) • Cartilage • Aponeurosis • Dense (compact bone) • Spongy (cancelous bone)

Skeletal System 1. 2. Axial = 80 bones Appendicular = 126 bones

Shapes of Bones � Long: femur, humerus, tibia, fibula � Short: small cubed-shaped: carpals, tarsals, toes � Flat: usually � Irregular: cover organs: scapula, pelvis, skull, ribs bones of ear, vertebrae, bones of face � Sesamoid: patella (knee cap)

Review: name the type of bone

Skull • Cranium = 8 bones • Face = 14 bones • Ears • Mandible is the only movable part of the skull

Thorax • Ribs • True ribs: first 7 • False ribs: lower 5 ( last 2 are called floating ribs) • Intercostal space: contains muscles, blood vessels, nerves • Sternum • Vertebral bones = 26 bones true false

Articulations (joints) • Joints are named by the bones they join • Synarthrosis (immovable): cranial bones • Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable): ribs connected to sternum • Diarthrosis (freely movable, synovial) • Synovial joints contain a bursa: fluid filled sac

6 types of Diarthrosis(movable) Joints 1. Ball and socket: shoulder, hip 2. Hinge: elbow, ankle, knee 3. Gliding: in between the carpal bones 4. Pivot: Radius on ulna 5. Saddle: Thumb (thumb touching finger tips) 6. Gomphosis: (teeth)

Examples of Diarthrodial (moveable) joints

Name the Joints

Health Concerns

• Gout: • Eti: Painful swelling of a joint that results in uric acid build up. Mostly in great toe • S/S: fever, chills, complications from another disorder. • TX: medications, diet therapy • Dislocation: • Eti: Bone has moved out of place. Congenital or from trauma • S/S: pain, loss of function, deformity • TX: relocate, surgery

• Kyphosis: • • abnormal curvature of the thoracic spine. “Hunchback” Eti: Rheumatic arthritis, rickets, poor posture, chronic respiratory disease S/S: pain because of nerves are affected TX: exercises to strengthen back • Scoliosis: • • Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Eti: may be congenital, rickets, or shortening of one leg. S/S: Discomfort in walking, low back pain, shoulder is higher TX: corrective exercises, braces, casting, surgical correction

• Lordosis: • • Abnormal curvature of lumbar spine “swayback” Eti: pregnancy, obesity, poor posture S/S: low back pain TX: Exercise, brace • Bursitis • • Inflammation of the sac around a joint Eti: Caused by trauma or irritation S/S: swelling, restricted movement TX: protection of joint, rest, medication, removal of excess fluid

• Arthritis: • • Inflammation of a joint. #1 crippling disease Eti: joint disease, infection, gout S/S: pain and stiffness while moving TX: no cure. Treatment to relieve pain. Surgery in sever cases to replace joint • Osteoporosis: • Eti: abnormal softening of the bones due to lack of calcium • S/S: loss of bone density, easily broken bones • TX: women should take hormones, calcium, vitamin D

• Spiral fx • Colles fx • Greenstick fx

Practice Quizzes Tally results

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1 SPECIFIC!!! 8 2 3 4 9 5 6 7 10 11

1 SPECIFIC 2 3 4 9 10 5 6 11 14 7 8 12 13

OUTLINE • Put an • “F” if it is a skeletal system • “C” if it is a component of bone • “S” for shape • “A” for articulation 1. assist with movement 2. ball and socket 3. cartilage 4. dense 5. flat 6. gliding 7. gomphosis 8. hinge 9. irregular 10. long 11. osteoblasts 12. osteoclasts 13. pivot 14. produce blood cells 15. protection of internal organs 16. provide shape 17. saddle 18. sesmoid 19. short 20. spongy 21. storing minerals

Outline: How many? ! 1. Axial bones 2. Appendicular bones 3. Cranium 4. Face bones 5. True ribs 6. False ribs (including floating) 7. Cervical vertebrae 8. Lumbar vertebrae 9. Thoracic vertebrae 10. Carpals 11. tarsals

Outline: How many? ! 1. Axial bones (80) 2. Appendicular bones (126) 3. Cranium (8) 4. Face bones (14) 5. True ribs (7) 6. False ribs (including floating) (5) 7. Cervical vertebrae (7) 8. Lumbar vertebrae (5) 9. Thoracic vertebrae (12) 10. Carpals (8) 11. Tarsals (7)