Sistem pangan dan gizi Subsistem Produksi Distribusi Subsistem

Sistem pangan dan gizi Subsistem Produksi Distribusi Subsistem Ketersediaan Subsistem Konsumsi KETAHANAN PANGAN Lingkungan : -Fisik -Budaya -Ekonomi -(dayabeli) Perilaku 2 1 Status gizi masyarakat Fasilitas yankes 3 4 Genetik

Lahan luas & kesuburan Kebutuhan permintaan Subsistem produksi Harga Penerapan teknologi

Sub Sistem ketersediaan pangan produksi Impor/ masuk Daya beli Ketersediaan Tk. wilayah Ekspor/ keluar Lapangan Kerja di luar pertanian Ketersediaan Di Rmt Distrib. Makanan Dlm rmt Status Gizi

Subsistem konsumsi Lingkungan Fisik & Bud. Daya beli Ketersediaan Pangan dlm rmt Kesehatan individu Konsumsi individu Distrib. Dlm rmt Status gizi Klp. rawan

KRISIS MULTI DIMENSI KEMISKINAN 19, 15 % KURANG PENDIDKAN PENGETAHUAN KETRAMPILAN POKOK MASALAH PERSEDIAAN PANGAN TAK CUKUP POLA ASUH MAKAN TAK SEIMBANG DIARE : 2, 87 % AIR BERSIH SANITASI & YAN. KES DAS KEP 9, 8 Gizi Brk 0, 7 S D M

Keturunan ud a ay m la a (Kependudukan, Jumlah, Distribusi, Angka pertumbuhan, Genetik) Sis t em So sio da y a S Pelayanan Kesehatan STATUS KESEHATAN (Sosio-Budaya, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Politik) ha in (E se Perilaku Masyarakat Ke s lin eim gk ba un ng ga an n ta Ke n M o te si en ad lek on ta ap tu al, l a ta l, si (Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative, Promotive) m Lingkungan Kesehatan Bu

Keturunan (Kependudukan, Jumlah penduduk, Distribusi penduduk, Angka pertumbuhan, Struktur piramida, Genetik) STATUS GIZI MASYARAKAT

PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN DAN EKOLOGI Terminologi : “ Hubungan Ekologi, Pangan dan Gizi” Kasus 1 : Masalah Gizi pada keluarga Nelayan Pengambilan ikan dengan bahan peledak akibat karang rusak, plankton mati, ikan berkurang. Ikan kurang Produktivitas rendah Pendapatan Rendah Ketersedian Makanan rendah Juml anak banyak Asupan gizi kurang Masalah Gizi Kurang meningkat

Environment ? (Lingkungan) “ Circumtances, object or condition by which in surrounded” The complex of physical, chemical and biotic factors that act upon organism or an ecologogical community that ultimately determinant its form and survival

The process of organizing and allocating resources (renewable and unrenewable) with the goal of monitoring and enhancing existing long term / run productivity of natural system Sustainability Natural Resources Productivity Equity Source : World Bank

As the result ? Human being very well, if we can optimalize to the use of natural resources Food & Nutrition Planning Environmental Management

N O, AHA R K T MI RIN I E M ON I, PE K E IZ I: , G L N AH RA A AS M E Kegagalan produksi SANGAT DINI , MIS NGAN O PA AGR DAYA DI I BU AHL Persediaan pangan di masy. berkurang P Krisis Ekonomi I AH LI E M NO KO , AS M S O KE IKR , I I M Z GI MI KAS I O I L AH KON MUN E KO DINI Persediaan Makanan tingkat RT berkurang RO K MA Pendapatan berkurang Asupan Gizi berkurang & KRO OLOG A M I NOM ANTROP O K E , I AHL SIOLOG O O, S MIKR PREVENTIF TERLAM BAT IK Daya beli berkurang G, OLO P O TR , AN I MIKRO G O OM IOL SOS LI EKON AH ZI I IG & KE S L AH KURANG GIZI KURATIF IN KL

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND NATIONAL/REGIONAL FOOD SECURTY (DKP, 2002) Regional Food Production Community Food Stock Food Trading: • Between region • Between countries Availability in the Market Food Stocks: • Between region • Between countries FOOD AID Household Food Stock Household HH Food Production (on-farm) Food Security HH Income Other income sources (off-farm & non-farm) Food vulnerability With or without hunger and undernutrition

II. DETERMINANT OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY Employment, Wages Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Income and Resources of Households Household expenditure on non foods Household Time PRICES (FOOD) Household Expenditure on Food Consumption (HH and Individual Nutritional Status (Individual

Policies & Program II. POLICY AND PROGRAM PRICES (FOOD) Employment, Wages Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Household Time Source: Von Braun, et al (93) Employment Programs Income and Resources of Households Household expenditure on non foods Macroeconomic Policy (Trade, exchange rate, Fiscal, agriculture, etc) Income Generation (on & of farm activities) Household Expenditure on Food Related Transfer (Food Stamp, etc Food Consumption (HH and Individual Supplementary Feeding Nutritional Status (Individual Health and Sanitation Services

KEPENDUDUKAN & STATUS GIZI 1. Jumlah penduduk besar merupakan asset nasional sangat berharga 2. Pertumbuhan penduduk tinggi akan mempengaruhi jumlah, struktur piramida penduduk, jenis penyakit dan pelayannnya 3. Pada bagian lain perlu penyiapan berbagai fasilitas & sarana untuk tumbuh kembang, pendidikan, lapangan kerja, kebutuhan pangan + gizi tinggi 4. Distribusi pangan yang tidak merata gangguan jumlah + kualitas asupan gizi 5. Perubahan asupan zat gizi manifestasi klinis & sub klinis

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