Sistem Informasi Geografis Pertemuan 4 Teknologi Aplikasi Bidang

Sistem Informasi Geografis Pertemuan 4 Teknologi, Aplikasi & Bidang Pemanfatan GIS Part 1

Sistem Informasi Geografis GIS Technology GIS Dekstop GIS Web GIS Mobile GIS • GIS is moving from Desktop systems to Distributed system ▫ Open. GIS concept increase the interoperability of geospatial data

Sistem Informasi Geografis Desktop GIS • Represents the real world on a computer • Limited to the desktop Computer • Not everyone can access the applications • Desktop GIS Functionalities ▫ View data on a map ▫ Analyze data Create, edit, and analyze geographic data on your desktop computer. ▫ Create publication quality, professional maps

Sistem Informasi Geografis Desktop GIS • GIS Software ▫ Proprietary Software �Arc. GIS Desktop (ESRI) �Envision (Autodesk) �Map. Info Professional ▫ Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) �GRASS GIS �Quantum GIS (QGIS)

Sistem Informasi Geografis Proprietary Software 1. Arc. GIS Desktop (ESRI) Includes 4 software components. a. Arc. Reader b. Arc. View c. Arc. Editor d. Arc. Info

Sistem Informasi Geografis Proprietary Software 2. Envision (Autodesk) • Integrates GIS spatial data and Auto. Cad design data • Perform civil engineering tasks such as • Calculating elevations • Cut/fill volumes • Running flood analyses • Auto. Desk Raster Design is used to edit, modify, and enhance raster data

Sistem Informasi Geografis Proprietary Software 3. Map. Info Professional • A full featured Desktop geospatial solution • Comes with easy-to-use software and a powerful software tool • Vertical Mapper third party add-on for raster data

Sistem Informasi Geografis FOSS Software 1. GRASS GIS • • GRASS - Geographic Resources Analysis Support System Supports various platforms Supports for both raster & vector formats Functionalities ü Geospatial data management and analysis ü Image processing ü Graphics/maps production ü Spatial modeling ü Visualization

Sistem Informasi Geografis FOSS Software 2. Quantum GIS (QGIS) • Support multiple platforms: Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, and Windows • Support multiple data formats: • Vector, raster, database formats, • GRASS layers • Extendable functionality using plug-ins http: //qgis. org/brochure/qgis_brochure_en. pdf

Sistem Informasi Geografis Desktop GIS • Advantages ▫ You have all the data and processing at your station • Disadvantages ▫ You must invest in the processor and storage space ▫ Data and maps are not easily shared

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web Based GIS • “Web GIS is a Geographic Information System distributed across a networked computer environment to integrate, disseminate, and communicate geographic information visually on the World Wide Web over the Internet. ” [Gillavry, 2000] • Disseminate geospatial data and processing tools • Possible to Process geo-related information with no location restrictions.

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web Based GIS • Advantages • Disadvantages ▫ Minimal processor ▫ Must have a fast and storage space network connection needed ▫ Data resides off site ▫ Many data sets ▫ Dependent on resources available off site, not under your ▫ The processor on the control web server is likely to be more powerful than your desktop unit

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web GIS Architechture Web GIS Client-Server Architecture Distributed Architecture

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web GIS Architechture 1. Client – Server Architecture • Geoprocessing Server side & Client side tasks • Typical three tier architecture • Presentation tier : contains user interface • Application logic tier : model & process GIS data • Storage tier : databases that store GIS data

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web GIS Architechture 1. Client – Server Architecture • A typical client-server architecture Client Server Middle Ware Spatial request Web Browser Internet Web Server Internet Map Server (IMS) HTML, Image, Map. . GIS Software GIS Database

Sistem Informasi Geografis Web GIS Architechture 2. Distributed Architecture § Both data and processing components are distributed § The client and server do not refer to a specific machine § “Geodata anywhere, Geoprocessing anywhere” model § Distributed object architectures o Microsoft's Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) o Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) o Java Remote Method Invocation (Java RMI)

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software § § Allow users to access spatial data via a web browser interface Interact with web server and spatial database Proprietary software FOSS software - Arc. View IMS (ESRI) - Minnesota Map Server - Map. Objects IMS (ESRI) - Open-GIS Multiviewer - Arc. IMS (ESRI) - GIS Viewer - Map. Guide (Autodesk)

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software Proprietary Software 1. Arc. View IMS (ESRI) § Extension of ESRI's Desktop-GIS application- Arc. View § One of the first available Map Server systems § Requires an open session of Arc. View running on the Web server with IMS Arc. View middleware § Client cannot change the composition of the received map

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software Proprietary Software 2. Map. Objects IMS (ESRI) § Integrate three applications : Map. Objects IMS, Map. Objects Professional, and Arc. Explorer § Can consider as a programming platform § For GIS applications - Visual Basic, Visual C + +, Delphi § For client applications - HTML (Java. Script), Active. X § Supports Windows or UNIX-based Web servers § Uses modern three-tier architecture

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software Proprietary Software 3. Arc. IMS (ESRI) § Most widely used Proprietary IMS software § A three tier architecture http: //gisweb. ciat. cgiar. org/sig/ims-technology-esri. htm

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software Proprietary Software 3. Arc. IMS … § The components of the Arc. IMS server : - Spatial Server - Applications Server - Connectors to the Applications Server [Servelets, Cold. Fusion, Active. X ] - Administrator § Tool for designing map services need not to program client § Client receives instructions suitable for processing

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software Proprietary Software 4. Map. Guide (Autodesk) § Similar capacities to those of Arc. IMS § Provide tools for basic geographical operations § Own data format – SDF § Extensions required to convert other formats to SDF format

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software FOSS Software 1. Minnesota Map Server § World’s leading open source Web-Mapping tool § Originally developed for the University of Minnesota (UMN) § Supported platforms : Linux/Apache, Windows NT/98/95 § A CGI program that sits inactive on a Web Server § Uses information passed in the URL and the Map File to process the request

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software FOSS Software 1. Minnesota Map Server… § The Map. Server architecture § Client - Web browser § Server - HTTP Server (Apache, IIS) - Map. Server CGI (mapserve. exe) - Map Files - Geographic Data [ESRI Shape files, Geo. TIFF] Illustrated according to diagram from http: //mapserver. gis. umn. edu/new_users/msappdiagram/

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software FOSS Software 1. Minnesota Map Server… How Map. Server works? http: // <location of the mapserver program> <location of the mapfile> <other parameters> http: //192. 8. 10. 52/cgi-bin/mapserve. exe? map=/ms 4 w/apps/app 1/htdocs/test. map Web Browser Request Web Server Request Mapserver (CGI) test. map Mapfiles Result

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software FOSS Software 1. Minnesota Map Server… q Advantages of using Map. Server - Comes as a standard package which bundles Map. Server and many required supporting tools - No dedicated hardware is required - Client is only a web browser - Not bounded to any specific language - Compliant to the OGC Specification - Support for database access (Post. GIS, My. Sql)

Sistem Informasi Geografis Internet Map Server (IMS) Software FOSS Software 2. GIS VIEWER § Developed by the University of California, Berkeley at "UC Berkeley Digital Library Project” § Supported platforms : Unix, Linux, Windows NT § Display geographical information by means of a window (viewfinder)

Sistem Informasi Geografis Tugas Kelompok • Buatlah kelompok terdiri dari 3 -4 orang. Carilah sebuah contoh Web. GIS yang dikembangkan instansi/lembaga/perusahaan di Indonesia. Telaah dan bahas poin-poin yang disajikan dalam aplikasi Web. GIS tersebut termasuk tentang: ü Analisis tentang user dan scopenya (jumlah user) ü Teknologi yang digunakan ü Kekurangan-kekurangan yang kira-kira dapat dioptimalkan ü Peluang-peluang pengembangan, dll Buat presentasi (PPTX) hasil pembahasannya. Tugas dikumpulkan via E-mail empribadi@gmail. com dengan penamaan file ‘webgis abc_kelas. zip’.

Sistem Informasi Geografis Terima Kasih Thank You Xie xie Arigato gozaimas Shukron