SIMPLE Stable Increased Throughput Multihop Link Efficient Protocol

SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBANs Qaisar Nadeem Department of Electrical Engineering Comsats Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Sep 07, 2013 1

Outline § § § § § Introduction Motivation Mathematical Formulation of the Problem Node deployment SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBANs § Initial phase § Selection of forwarder § Scheduling Radio Parameters Simulation Results Path Loss Model Conclusion 2

Introduction § WBAN is sub-field of WSNs § The primary target applications of WBANs are medical health-care services § WBANs offer early detection/treatment of diseases, thereby reducing health-care costs § WBANs capture accurate and quantitative data from a variety of sensors (e. g. , temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, etc. ) § Sensors are placed on the human body or in the body 3

Motivation § Nodes in WBANs are required to operate under strict resource Constraints § Impossible to replace batteries § Frequent recharging procedure is one of the main obstacles in WBANs § Porting routing solutions from WSNs to WBANs is problematic due to the different network architectures and operating conditions § Efficient routing solutions should be designed specifically for WBANs 4

Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption § Let N is the set of nodes, f is the forwarder node and sink S § C is the capacity of the wireless link § The data generated by sensors is denoted by dis 5

Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption § Objective Function 6

Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption § Subject to: 7

Problem Formulation: Throughput Maximization § Let Ei is the total available energy § Emin is minimum residual energy below which nodes stop transmitting § Zi is a 0 -1 integer § The wireless channel capacity is represented by C 8

Problem Formulation: Throughput Maximization § Objective Function 9

Problem Formulation: Throughput Maximization 10

Solution SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) 11

Node Deployment 12

SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN § Initial Phase § Selection of Forwarder Node § Scheduling 13

Initial Phase § Sink broadcasts its location through short information packet § Sensor nodes store the location of sink § Each sensor transmits short information packet to sink which contains node ID, its residual energy and location § Sink broadcasts information to all sensors 14

Selection of Forwarder Node § Minimum cost function value is used to select optimal data forwarder § A node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum cost function Cost Function (i) = distance (i) /Residual Energy (i) (5) § Cost function value ensures new forwarder in each round 15

Scheduling § Forwarder node assigns TDMA schedule to its children node § Children nodes transmit their data in allocated time slot § TDMA scheduling saves energy of sensor nodes. 16

Energy Parameters § Two commercially available transceivers [3] Energy equation 17

i. M-SIMPLE: Improved Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN Simulation Results 18

Network lifetime Increase in stability period due to appropriate selection of forwarder node in each round § Balanced energy consumption among all nodes in stable region § Chain formation in M-ATTEMPT causes nodes to deplete more energy § 19

Residual Energy Nodes utilize less energy in stability period § Nodes consume energy faster in unstable region § 20

Throughput § Throughput is the number of packets received successfully at sink § More alive nodes contribute towards higher network throughput 21

Path loss § Multi-hop topology minimizes the Path loss § Direct distant communication causes maximum path loss 22

Path Loss Model § Path Loss is the difference between transmitted power and received power Where, PL = Path loss d = Distance between transmitter and receiver do = Reference distance n = Path loss coefficient 23

Conclusion § Stable and high throughput routing protocol for WBANs § A node with minimum cost function is selected as forwarder § Cost function is based on residual energy of nodes and its distance from sink § Node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum value of cost function 24

Questions Thank you! 25

References 1: J. Elias and A. Mehaoua, “Energy-aware topology design for wireless body area networks, ” in Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 34093410, IEEE, 2012 2: N. Ababneh, N. Timmons, and J. Morrison, “Cross-layer optimization protocol for guaranteed data streaming over wireless body area networks, ” in Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2012 8 th International, pp. 118123, IEEE, 2012. 3: Reusens, Elisabeth, et al. ”Characterization of on-body communication channel and energy efficient topology design for wireless body area networks. ” Information Technology in Biomedicine, IEEE Transactions on 13. 6 (2009): 933 -945. 26