Simple Harmonic Motion Simple harmonic motion SHM refers
- Slides: 16
Simple Harmonic Motion • Simple harmonic motion (SHM) refers to a certain kind of oscillatory, or wave-like motion that describes the behavior of many physical phenomena: – – – a pendulum a bob attached to a spring low amplitude waves in air (sound), water, the ground the electromagnetic field of laser light vibration of a plucked guitar string the electric current of most AC power supplies
SHM Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
Simple Harmonic Motion Periodic Motion: any motion of system which repeats itself at regular, equal intervals of time.
Simple Harmonic Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion • Equilibrium: the position at which no net force acts on the particle. • Displacement: The distance of the particle from its equilibrium position. Usually denoted as x(t) with x=0 as the equilibrium position. • Amplitude: the maximum value of the displacement with out regard to sign. Denoted as xmax or A.
The period and frequency of a wave • the period T of a wave is the amount of time it takes to go through 1 cycle • the frequency f is the number of cycles per second – the unit of a cycle-per-second is commonly referred to as a hertz (Hz), after Heinrich Hertz (1847 -1894), who discovered radio waves. • frequency and period are related as follows: • Since a cycle is 2 p radians, the relationship between frequency and angular frequency is:
Here is a ball moving back and forth with simple harmonic motion (SHM): Its position x as a function of time t is: where A is the amplitude of motion : the distance from the centre of motion to either extreme T is the period of motion: the time for one complete cycle of the motion.
Springs and SHM • Attach an object of mass m to the end of a spring, pull it out to a distance A, and let it go from rest. The object will then undergo simple harmonic motion: • What is the angular frequency in this case? – Use Newton’s 2 nd law, together with Hooke’s law, and the above description of the acceleration to find:
Spring Constant, K The constant k is called the spring constant. SI unit of k = N/m.
HOOKE'S LAW The restoring force of an ideal spring is given by, where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement of the spring from its unstrained length. The minus sign indicates that the restoring force always points in a direction opposite to the displacement of the spring.
Simple Harmonic Motion When there is a restoring force, F = -kx, simple harmonic motion occurs.
Position VS. Time graph
Amplitude is the magnitude of the maximum displacement.
Period, T For any object in simple harmonic motion, the time required to complete one cycle is the period T.
Frequency, f The frequency f of the simple harmonic motion is the number of cycles of the motion per second.
Oscillating Mass Consider a mass m attached to the end of a spring as shown. If the mass is pulled down and released, it will undergo simple harmonic motion. The period depends on the spring constant, k and the mass m, as given below,
- Shm formula list
- First harmonic and second harmonic
- Simple harmonic motion vocabulary
- The highest point above the equilibrium position
- Simple harmonic motion springs
- Reference circle simple harmonic motion
- What unit is period measured in
- Harmonics equations
- Harmoninic ah
- Graphical representation of shm
- Simple harmonic oscillator
- Simple harmonic motion
- The body of a 1275 kg car is supported
- Frequency in simple harmonic motion
- Simple harmonic motion formula
- Simple harmonic motion formula
- Shm ap physics 1