Signal Costs and Constraints Signal detection theory pp
- Slides: 30
Signal Costs and Constraints • • • Signal detection theory (pp. 429 -438) Costs to senders of signaling Constraints on senders Costs to receivers Constraints on receivers Transmission constraints
Decision threshold Four possibilities: hit or correct detection, false alarm, miss, and correct rejection
Signal detection theory ROC = receiver operating characteristic: plots correct detection against false alarms. As the threshold criterion moves left to right, the PCD vs PFA moves down to the left. Greater separation between signal and noise increases d.
ROC curves
Signal detection and mate choice
Implications • Communication is never perfect • Can improve communication – if senders create more distinctive signals – if receivers acquire greater discrimination ability • Which of these will happen depends on the relative costs to sender and receiver as well as constraints on signal production or reception
Sender Costs • Conspicuousness to predators and parasites – Visual, auditory, or olfactory signals • Energetic costs of signaling • Lost time • Conflict with original function See Kotiaho, J. S. 2001 Costs of sexual traits: a mismatch between theoretical considerations and empirical evidence. Biol. Rev. 76: 365 -376.
Guppy coloration and predation
Frog mating calls attract bats
Male crickets attract females and parasitic Ormia ochracea flies
Female fly ears are tuned to hear male cricket calls
Female red-winged blackbird calls attract predators and defense
Sage grouse displays are costly
Singing consumes energy Gray treefrogs Carolina wrens
Time lost: lekking antelope males don’t feed
Conflict with original function Elongated tails create drag during turns
Constraints • Phylogenetic – Implies insufficient time or genetic variation for evolution to modify trait • Physical – Production of signal is impossible given the organism’s morphology and physiology
Sender constraints
Body size constrains frequency Leptodactyline frogs Birds
Constraints on sender learning: HVC and repertoire size
Receiver costs • Vulnerability to predation while inspecting or comparing signals • Time lost • Susceptibility to exploitation, i. e. codebreakers
Code-breaking rove beetle
Receiver constraints Phylogeny, memory
Visual resolution and body size
Hippocampus size and caching
Memory differs in food storing corvids
Memory differences are task dependent
Hippocampus shows experential changes
Transmission constraints
Tactile communication
- Signal detection theory example
- What is subliminal music
- Habituation psychology
- Signal detection theory example
- Signal detection theory roc curve
- Synchronous manufacturing and theory of constraints
- Pharmacovigilance signal detection methods
- Conversational constraints theory
- Theory of constraints
- Inventory management accounting
- Baseband signal and bandpass signal
- Baseband signal and bandpass signal
- Even odd signals
- Family of orientation
- Marriages and families changes choices and constraints
- Digital signal as a composite analog signal
- Channel design decisions
- Rheonomic constraints depends on
- Specifications and constraints
- Constraints and statical determinacy
- Difference constraints and shortest paths
- Difference constraints and shortest paths
- Materiality constraint adalah
- Challenges in monitoring and evaluation
- Gtt design process
- Constraints and statical determinacy
- Standard costs and balanced scorecard
- What are the impacts of resource constrained scheduling
- Difference between opportunity cost and trade off
- Chapter 18 responsibilities and costs of credit
- Production, information costs, and economic organization