should should advise arrange beg command desire insist

• 在表示愿望，请求，建议，命令等主观愿望的动词后的宾语从句中，需要用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为should ＋动词原形（should 可以省略）。常见的这类动词有：advise， arrange， beg, command, desire, insist, maintain, order, pray, prefer, propose, provide, regulate, require, request, recommend, suggest, urge 等。e. g. • He insisted that we (should) go right now. • We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. • 测试题第 2, 3, 16, 19, 20, 22, 38, 42, 46, 50, 52题请参考此规则。

注意: insist 1) 表示坚持认为真实语气 2）表示坚持要求某人该… 虚拟语气 1) I insisted that John had done it. I insisted that John (should) do it. 2) I insisted that the earth moves round the sun. Suggest 表示暗示，说明的意思时用真实语气 eg: Her expression suggested that she was angry. He suggested that we (should) go to school at once. 测试题第 2, 4, 19, 46，请参考此规则。

虚拟语气在同位语从句中或表语从句中的使用在某些名词后的同位语或表语从句中，动词要采用虚拟语气 should ＋动词原形的形式。常用的名词有advice, command, desire, idea, insistence, motion, order, plan, proposal, preference, suggestion, recommendation, request, requirement 等。例如： My suggestion is that he (should) take up the matter now. The mayor made the request that the civilians fight against the enemy. 测试题第 21, 45, 48题，请参考此规则。

虚拟语气在主语从句的应用在 It is +adj. /p. p. +that---- 结构中，that 从句是主语从句。该主语从句中的谓语动词要用should ＋动词原形（或have done）的形式， should 可以省略。该从句中虚拟语气的使用，取决于主句中做表语的形容词或分词。这些形容词主要有advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, urgent, vital; 过去分词有advised, decided, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested等。例如： It is necessary that some immediate efforts (should) be made. It is suggested that a group of doctors (should) be sent to the mountain areas. 测试题第 5, 23, 49 题请参考此规则。

含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不通过条件句表现出来，而是隐含在一个由介词（如：without, but for, but that 等）引导的短语中，或由连词but，or，副词otherwise 等表示的上下文中。例如： He would have given you more help, but he was busy. But for your cooperation, we could not have succeeded in our porject. But that she was afraid, she would have stayed on her own. 测试题都 6, 10, 15, 29, 30, 53题请参考此规则。

if虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况时，要用虚拟语气。 If条件句主句与现在事实相反 did(be动词 would(或could, should, 用were) might) do 与过去事实相反 had done would(或could, should, might) have done 与将来事实相反或可能相反 did(were) would(或could, should do might) do were to do

would rather, 引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如： eg: 1) I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 2) I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday. 3) I’d rather you painted the wall green next time. 测试题第 8, 35, 47题请参考此规则。 would rather接动词原形，指现在或将来时间，表示一种主观愿望或选择。 e. g. I'd rather do it today. 测试题第 27题请参考此规则。

省略if 的情况如果if条件从句中包含有were，had, should，可将if 省略，但要把were，had, should 提前，放在主语前面，形成部分倒装。例如： Were he to take more exercise, he wouldn't be so fat. Had I known it, I would not have given him the wrong answer. Should Mr. White call, what would you say? 测试题第 9, 13, 18, 26, 31, 34, 36, 37题请参考此规则。

在as if 或as though 引导的状语从句中，有时用虚拟语气，表示与现在，过去或将来事实相反。此时，其动词形式与 wish 后从句的形式完全相同。例如： He talked as if he knew where she was (but he did not know at that time). He talks / talked about Rome as though he had been there himself (but he has not). As if / as though 引导的从句有时也用陈述语气，这时它表示较大的真实性或可能性。特别用于下列结构: it looks (seems, smells, tastes, sounds) as if (though) +从句。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain. 测试题第 14, 40, 41题请参考此规则。

以lest，for fear that，in case 引导的从句，其形式多数为---lest/for fear that. In case +主语＋（should）＋动词原形，表示“一旦，以防，以免”。例如： He got up early lest he (should) miss the train. The mother put the raincoat on her baby for fear that he (should) catch cold. 测试题第 24, 54题请参考此规则。

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