SHOE VERBS Copy the black notes AKA StemChanging

SHOE VERBS Copy the black notes

AKA Stem-Changing • There are four types of shoe verbs (aka: stem-changing). e – ie, o – ue, u – ue, e–i • Each shoe verb takes a change in the stem. • The stem is what is left of the infinitive when you drop off the ending. Ex: Hablar – Habl

Rules for conjugating Shoe Verbs • 1. Drop the –ar/-er/-ir • 2. Change the stem (inside the shoe) • 3. Add new endings • The next to last syllable will take the stem change. • If the verb has three syllables then the middle syllable will take the change. Em-pe-zar • If the verb has two syllables then the first syllable will take the change. Ju-gar

• Two of the forms will not have the change: Nosotros and Vosotros • Today we are going to start by looking at two types of shoe verbs: e – ie and o - ue

e – ie • There are many e – ie shoe verbs. You won’t be able to tell them just by looking at the infinitive. You have to memorize them. • How do you know when a verb is a shoe verb? In a dictionary you will see (ie) next to the verb then you know it is an e-ie shoe verb. • Empezar (ie)

• Empezar – drop the “ar” and that leaves the stem • Empez- the “e” in the middle will change to “ie” in the stem, which gives you the new stem Empiez • This happens in all forms except Nosotros and Vosotros.

Empezar – to start Empiez

Empezar – to start Empiez

Empezar – to start Empiez

Empezar – to start Empiez Empez

Empezar – to start Empiez Empez Empiez

Empezar – to start Empiez Empez Empiez

Empezar – to start Empiezo

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empieza

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal)

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal) Empezamos

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal) Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empezáis Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal)

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empezáis Y’all start, Y’all do start, Y’all are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal)

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empezáis Y’all start, Y’all do start, Y’all are starting Empiezan He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal)

Empezar – to start Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empezáis Y’all start, Y’all do start, Y’all are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal) Empiezan They start, They do start, They are starting (Y’all)

Why is it called a shoe verb? This is a trick to help you remember which forms have a stem change. Draw a shoe (or boot) on the chart before you conjugate the verb!

Step One • Draw the chart.

Step Two • Draw a shoe. Leave nosotros and vosotros outside of the shoe.

Step Three • Conjugate the verb.

What do you notice? • The forms inside of the shoe take the stem change, the forms outside of the shoe (nosotros and vosotros) do not.

So why do we call it a shoe verb? Empiezo I start, I do start, I am starting Empezamos We start, We do start, We are starting Empiezas You start, You do start, You are starting Empezáis Ya’ll start, Ya’ll do start, Ya’ll are starting Empieza He starts, He does start, He is starting (You formal) Empiezan They start, They do start, They are starting (Ya’ll)

O - ue • O – ue shoe verbs work exactly like e – ie shoe verbs • Dormir, Poder, Almorzar • Remember that if the verbs has 3 syllables it takes the change in the middle syllable. Al-mor-zar • If the verb has two syllables then the first syllable takes the change. Dor-mir, Po-der

Dormir – to sleep • Step One: draw the chart • Step Two: draw the shoe • Step Three: conjugate the verb

Dormir – to sleep Duerm

Dormir – to sleep Duerm

Dormir – to sleep Duerm

Dormir – to sleep Duerm Dorm

Dormir – to sleep Duerm Dorm Duerm

Dormir – to sleep Duerm Dorm Duerm

Dormir – to sleep Duermo

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Duerme

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal)

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal) Dormimos

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal) Dormimos We sleep, We do sleep, We are sleeping

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Dormimos We sleep, We do sleep, We are sleeping Duermes Dormís You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal)

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Dormimos We sleep, We do sleep, We are sleeping Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Dormís Ya’ll sleep, Ya’ll are sleeping, Ya’ll do sleep Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal)

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Dormimos We sleep, We do sleep, We are sleeping Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Dormís Ya’ll sleep, Ya’ll are sleeping, Ya’ll do sleep Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal) Duermen

Dormir – to sleep Duermo I sleep, I am sleeping, I do sleep Dormimos We sleep, We do sleep, We are sleeping Duermes You sleep, You do sleep, You are sleeping Dormís Ya’ll sleep, Ya’ll are sleeping, Ya’ll do sleep Duerme She sleeps, She does sleep, She is sleeping (You formal) Duermen They sleep, They do sleep, They are sleeping (Ya’ll)

Try the next two verbs on your own! Jugar – to play (u-ue) Pedir – to ask (e-i)

Jugar – to play (u-ue)

Pedir – to ask for (e-i)

To Turn In! • Take out a whole sheet of paper and draw 3 six pack charts. You will need to conjugate the following 3 verbs. Include definitions. You do not need pronouns. Turn in when complete. Entender – to understand (e-ie) 2. Almorzar – to eat lunch (o-ue) 3. Servir – to serve (e-i) 1.