Shabbat Shalom Welcome to The Miqra On the

Shabbat Shalom Welcome to The Miqra On the Ground Level At the Upper Room Chapel Fort Mill, SC February 2, 2019

The Ten Words Exploring the Significance of the Ten Words in Our Covenant Relationship with Elohim

The Hierarchy of Commandments 'Love Yahuwah your Elohim with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. ' This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: 'Love your neighbor as yourself. ' All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments. " (Matthew 22: 37 -40) The first several of the Ten Commandments describe some aspect of what it means to love Yahuwah your Elohim. The remainder of the Ten Commandments details the primary areas of behavior which illustrate what it means to love your neighbor as yourself.

The Centrality of the Ten Commandments As Yahusha started on his way, a man ran up to him and fell on his knees before him. "Good teacher, " he asked, "what must I do to inherit eternal life? " "Why do you call me good? " Yahusha answered. "No one is good-- except Elohim alone. You know the commandments: 'Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not give false testimony, do not defraud, honor your father and mother. '“ Mark 10: 17 -19

The Covenant is the Ten Words Mosheh was there with Yahuwah forty days and forty nights without eating bread or drinking water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant-- the Ten Matters (Hebrew, ~yr. I)b'D>h; tr<f, Þ[] ). (Shemot [Exodus] 34: 28) The Hebrew ~yr. I)b'D>h; tr<f, Þ[] means literally, the ten words, or the ten things, or the ten matters.

The Ten Words is the Covenant He declared to you his covenant, the Ten Matters (Hebrew ~yr. I+b'D>h; tr<f, Þ[] ), which he commanded you to follow and then wrote them on two stone tablets. (Devarim [Deuteronomy] 4: 13) Yahuwah wrote on these tablets what he had written before, the Ten Matters (Hebrew ~yr. Iêb'D>h; tr<f, Þ[] ) he had proclaimed to you on the mountain, out of the fire, on the day of the assembly. And Yahuwah gave them to me. (Devarim [Deuteronomy] 10: 4)

The Covenant And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant-- the Ten Matters. (Shemot [Exodus] 34: 28) He declared to you his covenant, the Ten Matters. (Devarim [Deuteronomy] 4: 13)

Covenant - Berith The word covenant comes from the Hebrew, tyr. IB. (pronounced brēt). Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament describes our word this way: covenant (ASV and RSV); between nations: a treaty, alliance of friendship; between individuals: a pledge or agreement; with obligation between monarch and subjects: a constitution; between God and man: a covenant accompanied by signs, sacrifices, and a solemn oath that sealed the relationship with promises of blessing for keeping

Understanding the Difference Between Covenant, Promise and Law Covenant – an agreement between 2 parties Promise – something guaranteed either conditionally or unconditionally Law – a standard of rule concerning behavior

Purposes for Covenants Establish conditions and expectations for business or personal relationship Biblical - Reveal details on how Yah will bring about the fulfillment of his promises

The Covenants Yahuwah makes with his people are designed to establish relationship between Him and them based upon proper respect for who He is. These agreements are the legal basis for determining the rights of each party.

The Agreement These Ten Matters are actually the agreement, covenant, oath or treaty made between Elohim and men. The words or stipulations of this statement are the terms of the relationship. They describe the obligations and expectations of each of the parties. For Elohim's part, he obligates himself to be the following: He is to be our Elohim (Devarim 5: 6), which is to say, he is to provide for and protect his people. He must show love to those who love him and obey him (Devarim 5: 10). And he must give you long life and cause it to go well with you (Devarim 5: 16) when you do these things.

The Covenant Was Agreed to Before the Commands of the Covenant Were Given The obligation of Elohim in this covenant relationship was described even before Yisrael agreed to the covenant: Now if you obey me fully and keep my covenant, then out of all nations you will be my treasured possession. Although the whole earth is mine, you will be for me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. ' (Shemot [Exodus] 19: 5 -6)

More About Elohim’s Responsibilities If you pay attention to these laws and are careful to follow them, then Yahuwah your Elohim will keep his covenant of love with you, as he swore to your forefathers. He will love you and bless you and increase your numbers. He will bless the fruit of your womb, the crops of your land-- your grain, new wine and oil-- the calves of your herds and the lambs of your flocks in the land that he swore to your forefathers to give you. You will be blessed more than any other people; none of your men or women will be childless, nor any of your livestock without young. Yahuwah will keep you free from every disease. He will not inflict on you the horrible diseases you knew in Mitzrayim, but he will inflict them on all who hate you. (Devarim [Deuteronomy] 7: 12 -15)

Man’s Obligation For man's part, by agreeing to the Covenant, he is obligating himself to "have no other elohim, " and he is to "not take the name of Yahuwah in vain, " etc. Man is to faithfully perform the ten matters discussed in the Covenant to remain in this Alliance with Yahuwah. Should he transgress any of the stipulations, he has violated the contract and has forfeited his right to demand Elohim to keep his part of the Agreement. Thus, Elohim no longer is obligated to provide for and protect the violator of this Agreement.

Can You Agree and Break the Commands? But if you agree to the Covenant and then refuse to perform the commandments as given in this Covenant, Elohim promises to do the following: he will punish you and your children to the fourth generation (Devarim 5: 9), and he will not hold guiltless those who abuse his name (Devarim 5: 11). A very long list of curses is pronounced upon his people should they fall away and break Covenant with Yahuwah and go to serve other gods. This list can be found in Devarim 28: 15 -68.

Are the Ten Things Part of the New Covenant? "The time is coming, " declares Yahuwah, "when I will make a new covenant with the house of Yisrael and with the house of Yehudah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their forefathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Mitzrayim, because they broke my covenant, though I was a husband to them, " declares Yahuwah. "This is the covenant I will make with the house of Yisrael after that time, " declares Yahuwah. "I will put my Torah in their minds and write it on their hearts. I will be their Elohim, and they will be my people. No longer will a man teach his neighbor, or a man his brother, saying, 'Know Yahuwah, ' because they will all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, " declares Yahuwah. "For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more. " (Yirmeyahu [Jeremiah] 31: 31 -34)

Under the New Covenant, Is Compliance with his Commandments Necessary? Once you were alienated from Elohim and were enemies in your minds because of your evil behavior. But now he has reconciled you by Messiah's physical body through death to present you holy in his sight, without blemish and free from accusation-if you continue in your faith, established and firm, not moved from the hope held out in the gospel. (Colossians 1: 21 -23)

Eternal Salvation Comes to Those Who Obey During the days of Yahusha's life on earth, he offered up prayers and petitions with loud cries and tears to the one who could save him from death, and he was heard because of his reverent submission. Although he was a son, he learned obedience from what he suffered and, once made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him and was designated by Elohim to be high priest in the order of Melchizedek. (Hebrews 5: 7 -10)

What Was Wrong With the Sinai Covenant? For if there had been nothing wrong with that first covenant, no place would have been sought for another. But Elohim found fault with the people and said: "The time is coming, declares Yahuwah, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Yisrael and with the house of Yehudah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their forefathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Mitzrayim, because they did not remain faithful to my covenant, and I turned away from them, declares Yahuwah. Hebrews 8: 7 -9

The Covenants Contingent on Obedience The difference between the Covenant at Sinai and the New Covenant is not in its content. The difference is where that Torah is written and the blood that puts the Covenant into effect. The Sinai covenant was written on stone and ratified by the blood (death) of animals. But the New Covenant is written on the heart of men and is ratified by the blood (death) of Messiah. The Holy Spirit was given to imprint the Torah on our hearts. He was to "dwell in our hearts by faith. " He reminds us of the teachings of Messiah. The Spirit of Elohim reminds our hearts and consciences about the stipulations of his covenant with us. He teaches us of his laws and his expectations of us.

The 17 Commands in Deuteronomy 5: 5 -22 You shall have no other elohim before me. You shall not make for yourself an idol. . . You shall not bow down to them. . . You shall not serve them. . . You shall not lift up the name Yahuwah your Elohim unto emptiness. Guard the Sabbath day to keep it holy. . . Six days you shall labor and you shall do all your work You shall not do any work (on the seventh)

The 16 Commands in Deuteronomy 5: 5 -22 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt Honor your father and your mother You shall not murder You shall not commit adultery You shall not steal You shall not bring against your neighbor a false witness. You shall not lust after your neighbor's wife You shall not set your desire on your neighbor's house or land, his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor

The 16 Commands in Exodus 20: 1 -18 You shall have no other elohim before me You shall not make for yourself an idol You shall not bow down to them You shall not serve them You shall not lift up the name Yahuwah your Elohim unto emptiness. Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy Six days you shall labor and you shall do all your work On it (the 7 th day) you shall not do any work

The 15 Commands in Exodus 20: 1 -18 (missing one – Remember…) Honor your father and your mother You shall not murder You shall not commit adultery You shall not steal You shall not bring against your neighbor a false witness. You shall not covet your neighbor's house You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor

The Hebrew Text of Deut 5 `~yd. I+(b'[] ty. Beämi ~y. Ir: ßc. mi #r<a, îme ^yti²ace. Ah rv<ôa] ^yh, êl{a/ hw"åhy> ‘ykin. Oa'( 6 `y; n")©P'-l[; ~yr. Iøßxea] ~yhi’îl{a/ • ^±l. -hy<ïh. y. I al{å 7 • rv<ïa]w: l[; M; ë‡mi Ÿ‘~y. Im: ’åV'B; rv<Üäa] hn"ë‡Wm. T. -l. K' Ÿ‘ls, p, ’ä ^ïäl. -hf, î[]t; -al{¥å 8 `#r<a'(ªl' tx; T: ïämi Ÿ~y. IM: ßäB; rv<ïa]w: tx; T'ø_mi #r<a'’ÞB' laeä ‘^yh, ’l{a/ hw"Ühy> ykiún. Oa' y. Kiä è~d. E_b. ['t' al{åw> é~h, Þl' hw<ïäx]T; v. ti-al{ 9 `ya")_n>fol. ~y[iÞBer. I-l[; w> ~yviîLevi-l[; w> ~yn. I±B'-l[; t. Abôa' !w. O“[] dqe. Poû a. N"ëq; s `Îyt'(w. Oc. miÐ ¿Atw. Oc. miÀ yr. Eîm. vol. W yb; Þh]aol.

The Hebrew Text of Deut 5 hw"ëhy> ‘h. Q, n: y> al{Ü y. Kiä aw>V"+l; ^yh, Þl{a/ hw"ïhy>-~ve(-ta, a. F'²ti al{ï 11 o) s `aw>V")l; Amßv. -ta, a. F'îy. I-rv, a] tae² `^yh, (ªl{a/ hw"ïähy> Ÿ^ßäW>ci rv<ïa]K; Avø+D>q; l. t. B'’ÞV; h; • ~Ayð-ta, r. Amæ²v' 12 è`^T<)k. al; m. -l. K'ã t'yf. Ißä['w> édboê[]T; ¥ ‘~ymiäy" tv, v. EÜä 13 hk'‡al'm. -lk' hf, ä[]t; al{å ^yh, ª_l{a/ hw"ßähyl; Ÿt. B"ßäv; y[i÷êybi. V. h; ‘~Ay’w> 14 ^T, ªm. h, B. -lk'w> ^ør>mo*x]w: ^’r>Avw> ^t, m'a]w: û^)D>b. [; w> ^T<åbi. W-^)n>bi. W h. T'äa; `^Am*+K' ^ßt. m'a]w: ^ïD>b. [; x: Wn°y" ![; m; ªl. ^yr<ê['v. Bi rv<åa] ‘^r. g. E)w> ‘^yh, ’Ûl{a/ hw"“Ühy> • ^÷a]ci’YOw: ~y. Ir: ëªc. mi

The Hebrew Text of Deuteronomy 5 Ÿ![; m; äl. ^yh, _l{a/ hw"åhy> ^ßW>ci rv<ïa]K; ^M, êaita, w> ‘^ybi’a'-ta, d. BeÛK; 16 s `%l") !t. Eïn. O ^yh, Þl{a/ hw"ïhy>-rv, a] hm'êd"a]h'( l[; … %l'ê bj; yy. Iå ‘![; m; ’l. W ^ym, ªy" !k. Uåyr. Ia]y: s `xc'(r>Tiã al{ðß 17 s `@a")_n>Tiã al{àåw> 18 s `bn. O*ëg>Ti al{àåw> 19 s `aw>v") d[eî ^ß[]r. E(b. hn<ï[]t; -al{)w> 20 s ^[<+r. E tv, aeä dmoßx. t; al{ïw> 21 s `^[<)r. El. rv<ïa] lkoßw> Arêmox]w: AræAv ‘Atm'a]w: ADÝb. [; w> Whd. Eøf' ^[, ªr. E ty. Beä h. W<÷a; t. ti al{’w> (Ten) !n"å['h, ( ‘vaeh' %ATÜmi rh'ªB' ~k, øl. h; q. -l. K'-la, hw"“hy> • r. B, DI h. L, ae‡h' ~yr. Iåb'D>h; -ta, ( 22 `yl'(ae ~n. EßT. YIw: ) ~yn. Iëb'a] txoålu ‘yn. Ev. -l[;

In English (One) 6 I am Yahuwah your Elohim, who brought you out of the land of Mitzrayim, from the house of slaves. 7 "You shall have no other gods before me. 8 "You shall not make for yourself an idol in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. 9 You shall not bow down to them. You shall not serve them. For I, Yahuwah your Elohim, am a jealous Elohim, punishing the children for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 10 but showing love to a thousand [generations] of those who love me and keep my commandments. (Two) 11 "You shall not lift up the name of Yahuwah your Elohim unto emptiness, for Yahuwah will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.

In English (Three) 12 "Guard the Sabbath day to keep it holy, as Yahuwah your Elohim has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to Yahuwah your Elohim. You shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your ox, your donkey or any of your animals, nor the alien within your gates, so that your manservant and maidservant may rest, as you do. 15 Remember that you were slaves in Mitzrayim and that Yahuwah your Elohim brought you out of there with a mighty hand an outstretched arm. Therefore Yahuwah your Elohim has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day. (Four) 16 "Honor your father and your mother, as Yahuwah your Elohim has commanded you, so that you may live long and that it may go well with you in the land Yahuwah your Elohim is giving you.

In English (Five) 17 "You shall not murder. (Six) 18 "You shall not commit adultery. (Seven) 19 "You shall not steal. (Eight) 20 "You shall not bring against your neighbor a false witness. (Nine) 21 "You shall not lust after your neighbor's wife. (Ten) You shall not set your desire on your neighbor's house or land, his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor. " 22 These are the matters Yahuwah proclaimed in a loud voice to your whole assembly there on the mountain from out of the fire, the cloud and the deep darkness; and he added nothing more. Then he wrote them on two stone tablets and gave them to me.

Exodus 20 in English 1 And Elohim spoke all these words: (One) 2 "I am Yahuwah your Elohim, who brought you out of Mitzrayim, out of the land of slavery. 3 "You shall have no other elohim before me. 4 "You shall not make for yourself an idol in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. 5 You shall not bow down to them and you shall not serve them; for I, Yahuwah your Elohim, am a jealous Elohim, punishing the children for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but showing love to a thousand [generations] of those who love me and keep my commandments.

Exodus 20 in English "You shall not misuse the name of Yahuwah your Elohim, for Yahuwah will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name. (Three) 8 "Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to Yahuwah your Elohim. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your animals, nor the alien within your gates. 11 For in six days Yahuwah made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore Yahuwah blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy. (Two) 7

Exodus 20 in English "Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land Yahuwah your Elohim is giving you. (Five) 13 "You shall not murder. (Six) 14 "You shall not commit adultery. (Seven) 15 "You shall not steal. (Eight) 16 "You shall not bring against your neighbor a false witness. (Nine) 17 "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor. " (Four) 12