Sexual Asexual Reproduction Vegetative Parts in Asexual Reproduction
- Slides: 22
Sexual & Asexual Reproduction Vegetative Parts in Asexual Reproduction: Presentation 3 of 3
Asexual Reproduction • Asexual or vegetative reproduction involves the production of new plants by means of vegetative parts of an existing plant.
• The vegetative parts of many plants have the ability to produce new roots and/or shoots to form a new plant.
• Asexual reproduction is often advantageous over sexual reproduction because: • new plants reach maturity in less time; • disease-free plants can be produced in controlled environmental conditions;
• reproduction is possible for plants that do not develop reproductive parts or viable seeds; • plant selection for desired characteristics is more reliable; and • new plants are genetically identical to the parent plant.
• Vegetative plant parts used in asexual reproduction include: – Leaves – Stems – Buds – Roots
• Methods of vegetative plant reproduction include: – Cuttings – Layering – Separation – Division – Grafting – Budding – Tissue Culture
Cuttings • Propagation by cuttings is the most widely used method of vegetative or asexual reproduction.
Cuttings Cont’d • A cutting is any part severed from the parent plant, including: • stem cuttings, • root cuttings, and • leaf cuttings.
Layering • Layering involves forcing a vegetative plant part to form roots while still attached to the parent plant.
Types of Layering • Two types of layering are: – Air Layering, which is the process of forcing roots to form on a stem, outside the soil – Ground layering, which is the process of extending a plant part into the ground, covering it with soil, and allowing it to root.
Types of Layering Cont’d
Separation • Separation involves removing new plants formed on specialized stems and separating them from the parent plant.
Division • Division is the technique of cutting specialized plant structures into sections and forcing each section to grow into a new plant.
Grafting • Grafting consists of uniting a hardwood scion from one plant with the rootstock of another similar hardwood plant to form a vascular connection between the two plant parts.
Types of Grafting Techniques • The following techniques could be used in the grafting method.
Budding • Budding, which is similar to grafting, consists of removing buds from one plant and placing them on stems of other closely related plants to form a new plant.
Budding Techniques
Tissue Culture • Tissue culture, or micro-propagation, involves placing a very small piece of plant tissue on a sterilized culture medium. • Under sterile conditions, the plant tissue multiplies and grows into new plants.
Advantages of Tissue Cultures • Advantages of tissue culture as a means of asexual reproduction are that: – It allows large numbers of offspring to be produced quickly – it allows growers to produce disease-free plants; – it is a cost-efficient method of reproducing plants; and – it allows plants to be produced that have the same characteristics as the parent plant.
Disadvantages of Tissue Cultures • Disadvantages of tissue culture include: – The costs of necessary tools and equipment – The preciseness of establishing and maintaining sterile conditions needed for plant development – The requirement of additional time and labor as compared to other methods of asexual propagation.
Summary • Growers use several methods to multiply or increase the numbers of plant species. • Propagation methods can be sexual (reproducing from seeds) or asexual (vegetative production).
- Venn diagram of asexual and sexual
- Binary fission in bacteria
- Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction
- Asexual or sexual reproduction
- Venn diagram of meiosis and mitosis
- Example of budding
- Parthenogenesis asexual reproduction
- Mitosis sexual reproduction
- Venn diagram sexual and asexual
- Sexual or asexual reproduction
- Mitosis vs meiosis
- Asexual and sexual reproduction difference
- Examples of sexual and asexual reproduction
- Sexual or asexual reproduction
- Reproduction
- Advantages of genetic diversity
- Difference between sexual and asexual reproduction
- Plural form fungus
- Vegetative reproduction plants
- Vegetative reproduction requires mieosis.
- Artificial vegetative reproduction
- Root hairs
- Sex cells