Sex determinants Dr Sanjaya Adikari Dept of Anatomy
![Sex determinants Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Dept. of Anatomy Sex determinants Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Dept. of Anatomy](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-1.jpg)
![Objectives • Explain the role of sex chromosomes in sex determination • Highlight the Objectives • Explain the role of sex chromosomes in sex determination • Highlight the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-2.jpg)
![Female XX chromosomal sex Male XY cell gonadal sex Ovaries Testicles gonads Labia majora Female XX chromosomal sex Male XY cell gonadal sex Ovaries Testicles gonads Labia majora](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-3.jpg)
![Chromosomal sex • Determined at the time of fertilization • 46, XX • 46, Chromosomal sex • Determined at the time of fertilization • 46, XX • 46,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-4.jpg)
![Individuals resulting from non-disjunction of sex chromosomes Karyotype Disease state Sex 46, XX normal Individuals resulting from non-disjunction of sex chromosomes Karyotype Disease state Sex 46, XX normal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-5.jpg)
![XY XX nondisjunction X Y XX O XXX XXY XO OY Turner’s syn lethal XY XX nondisjunction X Y XX O XXX XXY XO OY Turner’s syn lethal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-6.jpg)
![Live with ‘X’ & Sex with ‘Y’ Live with ‘X’ & Sex with ‘Y’](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-7.jpg)
![External genitalia indifferent stage female External genitalia indifferent stage female](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-8.jpg)
![XY Role played by hormones XX testicles ovaries androgens oestrogen male external genitalia female XY Role played by hormones XX testicles ovaries androgens oestrogen male external genitalia female](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-9.jpg)
![Determining the number of X and Y Sex chromatin Barr body for X F Determining the number of X and Y Sex chromatin Barr body for X F](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-10.jpg)
![Barr body • Condensed inactive ‘X’ in interphase nuclei • Near the nuclear membrane Barr body • Condensed inactive ‘X’ in interphase nuclei • Near the nuclear membrane](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-11.jpg)
![F body • Fluorescence stained ‘Y’ • This ‘Y’ is active F body F body • Fluorescence stained ‘Y’ • This ‘Y’ is active F body](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-12.jpg)
![One BB No FB ? ? XX One BB One FB XXY No BB One BB No FB ? ? XX One BB One FB XXY No BB](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-13.jpg)
![References • http: //www. people. virginia. edu/~rjh 9 u/sexdet. html • http: //www. dushkin. References • http: //www. people. virginia. edu/~rjh 9 u/sexdet. html • http: //www. dushkin.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-14.jpg)
- Slides: 14
![Sex determinants Dr Sanjaya Adikari Dept of Anatomy Sex determinants Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Dept. of Anatomy](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-1.jpg)
Sex determinants Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Dept. of Anatomy
![Objectives Explain the role of sex chromosomes in sex determination Highlight the Objectives • Explain the role of sex chromosomes in sex determination • Highlight the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-2.jpg)
Objectives • Explain the role of sex chromosomes in sex determination • Highlight the role of Y chromosome in fetal sex determination
![Female XX chromosomal sex Male XY cell gonadal sex Ovaries Testicles gonads Labia majora Female XX chromosomal sex Male XY cell gonadal sex Ovaries Testicles gonads Labia majora](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-3.jpg)
Female XX chromosomal sex Male XY cell gonadal sex Ovaries Testicles gonads Labia majora & minora external genitalia vulva, vagina Penis, scrotum assigned sex Breasts dress general appearance Facial hair dress
![Chromosomal sex Determined at the time of fertilization 46 XX 46 Chromosomal sex • Determined at the time of fertilization • 46, XX • 46,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-4.jpg)
Chromosomal sex • Determined at the time of fertilization • 46, XX • 46, XY female • What determines the sex? – Presence of two ‘X’ chromosomes? – Presence/absence of ‘Y’ chromosome?
![Individuals resulting from nondisjunction of sex chromosomes Karyotype Disease state Sex 46 XX normal Individuals resulting from non-disjunction of sex chromosomes Karyotype Disease state Sex 46, XX normal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-5.jpg)
Individuals resulting from non-disjunction of sex chromosomes Karyotype Disease state Sex 46, XX normal female 46, XY normal male 45, XO Turner’s syn female 47, XXY Klinefelter’s syn male
![XY XX nondisjunction X Y XX O XXX XXY XO OY Turners syn lethal XY XX nondisjunction X Y XX O XXX XXY XO OY Turner’s syn lethal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-6.jpg)
XY XX nondisjunction X Y XX O XXX XXY XO OY Turner’s syn lethal Super females Klinefelter’s syn Can one get XYY?
![Live with X Sex with Y Live with ‘X’ & Sex with ‘Y’](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-7.jpg)
Live with ‘X’ & Sex with ‘Y’
![External genitalia indifferent stage female External genitalia indifferent stage female](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-8.jpg)
External genitalia indifferent stage female
![XY Role played by hormones XX testicles ovaries androgens oestrogen male external genitalia female XY Role played by hormones XX testicles ovaries androgens oestrogen male external genitalia female](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-9.jpg)
XY Role played by hormones XX testicles ovaries androgens oestrogen male external genitalia female external genitalia male secondary sex characteristics female secondary sex characteristics
![Determining the number of X and Y Sex chromatin Barr body for X F Determining the number of X and Y Sex chromatin Barr body for X F](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-10.jpg)
Determining the number of X and Y Sex chromatin Barr body for X F body for Y
![Barr body Condensed inactive X in interphase nuclei Near the nuclear membrane Barr body • Condensed inactive ‘X’ in interphase nuclei • Near the nuclear membrane](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-11.jpg)
Barr body • Condensed inactive ‘X’ in interphase nuclei • Near the nuclear membrane • All ‘X’ in addition to one ‘X’ become BB’s Barr body
![F body Fluorescence stained Y This Y is active F body F body • Fluorescence stained ‘Y’ • This ‘Y’ is active F body](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-12.jpg)
F body • Fluorescence stained ‘Y’ • This ‘Y’ is active F body
![One BB No FB XX One BB One FB XXY No BB One BB No FB ? ? XX One BB One FB XXY No BB](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-13.jpg)
One BB No FB ? ? XX One BB One FB XXY No BB No FB XO No BB Two FB XYY
![References http www people virginia edurjh 9 usexdet html http www dushkin References • http: //www. people. virginia. edu/~rjh 9 u/sexdet. html • http: //www. dushkin.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/585de5aeb277c2e1529e8d7ea302bc6d/image-14.jpg)
References • http: //www. people. virginia. edu/~rjh 9 u/sexdet. html • http: //www. dushkin. com/connectext/psy/ch 10/biodet. mhtml • http: //www. aaa. dk/TURNER/ENGELSK/XYY. HTM#name • Review of medical physiology by William F. Ganong • Medical embryology by Jan Langman