SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME SCID SCIDS XSCID

SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (SCID, SCIDS, XSCID) SUDHA KOLLA

• • • HISTORY “Bubbly boy disease” Known and discovered in 1970’s and 80’s David Vetter X – linked syndrome Wore a plastic germ free bubble for 12 years Born without a working immune system Gene mutation Bubble = protect from outside environment David Vetter’s brother had same disease Bone Marrow Transplant = Victor = death Bone Marrow Transplant was to help Victor gain strength to fight infection Died in 1984

How It Occurs • • Gene mutation Lymphocytes (type of white cells) Thymus Gland T-cells kill antigens B-cells (killer of antigens) attack healthy cells (healthy antigens) weak immune system • Genetic = defect in the “X” chromosome

Can it passed?

Karyotype/Gene/Chromosome Male Karyotype Chromosome: 23

Symptoms of SCIDS 1. pneumonia - infection of the lungs. 2. meningitis - infection of the brain. 3. sepsis - infection in the bloodstream. 4. yeast infections in the mouth and diaper area 5. Diarrhea 6. infection of the liver 7. Eight or more ear infections 8. Infections that do not resolve with antibiotic treatment for two or more months 9. Failure to gain weight or grow normally 10. Infections that require intravenous antibiotic treatment 11. Deep-seated infections, such as pneumonia that affects an entire lung or an abscess in the liver 12. Persistent thrush in the mouth or throat 13. A family history of immune deficiency or infant deaths due to infections

Diagnose SCIDS • • DNA Family mutation T & B cells function Blood tests Automated Screening

Cure SCIDS • Transplantation of blood-forming stem cells bone marrow • Tissue matching from relative = ¼ • Anonymous donor = very common • HLA = Human Leucocyte Antigen • HLA = bone marrow transplantation type = cheotheraphy = bone marrow rescue

Bibliography (ON THE SEPARATE PAPER)