Settlement Patterns Dispersed Linear Nuclear Settlement Patterns Can

Settlement Patterns Dispersed, Linear, Nuclear

Settlement Patterns Can we think of examples of each settlement pattern in Australia?

Urban settlement in North America How does it compare to Australia?

Learning Intentions: Understand urban settlement in North America and compare this with Australia Students will know specific details about settlement in North America Students will develop geographic comparison skills

Are lights a good GLOBAL indicator of urban settlement?

Urban Settlement in Australia? Where would we see the lights of Australia? Write down what you think?

Waves of International Migration to Australia • First Wave (early to mid 1800 s): Colonial period migration – first convicts then settlers (pastoralists) • Second Wave (late 1800 s and early 1900 s): European (travel became cheaper and faster; assisted) and Asian (gold; need for workers) • Third Wave (post WWII): “Populate or Perish”; change in migration laws to allow in people from all over the world • Fourth Wave (post Vietnam War): influx of Vietnamese migrants • Current: debatable - will be discussed!…

Settlement Patterns Can we think of where examples of each settlement pattern might occur in Australia?

Hypothesise… What do you think urban settlement in Canada looks like? Where does it occur?

How does this compare to Australia?

Describe the data seen on this satellite image of the Canada and the USA during night time. Compare.

Waves of International Migration to Canada • First Wave (1700 s and early 1800 s): Colonial period migration – first French and then English/Irish/Scottish and American • Second Wave (mid-late 1800 s): European (travel became cheaper and faster) and Asian (need for workers) • Third Wave (late 1800 s - WWI): Eastern Europe because of natural ability to deal with climate; “Last Best West” • Fourth Wave (post WWII): Change in migration laws to allow in people from all over the world • Current: debatable…

How does Canada compare to Australia’s settlement?

Urban settlement in Canada • Until recently, migrants settled in the east (as most came from Europe). Therefore urban areas in the Ontario/Quebec are larger. • Most modern immigrants settle in major cities when they come to Canada and because that is where they arrive and that is where their cultural communities are. • Suburban population explosion post WWII - also led to growth in malls, roads and horizontal expansion of cities “URBAN SPRAWL” • Between 75% and 90% of Canadians live within 160 km of US border Detroit (USA) – Windsor (Can) border crossing

Settlement Patterns Can we think of where examples of each settlement pattern might occur in Canada?

Similarities • Both Canada and Australia were settled by native people long before colonists • Free settlers desired a better life • Most settlers in both nations were willing to work hard to achieve their dreams • Impact of discovery of gold: encouraged rural and urban settlement in both locations (especially Victoria, Aus and British Columbia, Can) • Major urban centres in each are located near major bodies of water (Why? ) • Cities and towns in both nations continue to grow • Any others? …. .

Differences • Canada’s urban (and overall) settlement primarily in south (where it is warmer). • Australia’s urban (and overall) settlement primarily on coastlines • Size of populations: 21 million vs 35 million (USA 311 m) • Weather differences: Canada deals with extreme cold; Australia deals with extreme heat: both impact urban settlement patterns in different ways. • Any others? …. .