SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO DEFENCE REFORM MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO DEFENCE REFORM MINISTRY OF DEFENCE LTC M. A. Katarina Strbac Chef of Section for Strategic Documents, Department for Strategic Planning Sofia, 13. October 2005

KEY POINTS 1. Context of Defence Reform 2. Way Ahead

THE PECULIAR SETTING OF THE STATE UNION The Constitutional Charter of the State Union: Section 1. PARLIAMENT OF SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO Competence Article 19: The Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro shall decide on the Constitutional Charter as the highest legal instrument of Serbia and Montenegro in the way laid down by the present Constitutional Charter and shall enact laws and other instruments governing: - …; - military issues and defense; - …;

THE PECULIAR SETTING OF THE STATE UNION The Constitutional Charter of the State Union: Duty of the Army of Serbia and Montenegro Article 55 The duty of the Army shall be to defend Serbia and Montenegro in line with the present Constitutional Charter and the principles of international law that regulate the use of force. The defense strategy shall be adopted by the Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro in accordance with the law.

THE PECULIAR SETTING OF THE STATE UNION Because of the above, the commonly held interpretation of the Constitutional Charter is that the State Union is in charge of conducting defence only, • through the Supreme Defence Council (as the collective Commander in Chief), • With the AF as the executive force, • Based on the Defence Strategy (and other strategic documents) • And, in accordance with international law.

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN OR ARE BEING DEVELOPED National Security Strategy NATIONAL DEFENCE STRATEGY Defence White Paper Military Doctrine Strategic Defence Review

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO THE COURSE OF REFORM Strategic Documents and Key Laws National Defence Strategy - 18 November 2004 White Paper on Defence - 04 April 2005 Military Doctrine - final stage Strategic Defence Review - December 2005 Law on UN PKOs - December 2004 Law on Military - draft Law on Defence - draft Law on Security Services – draft Law on Civilian and Democratic Control of Military

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO A quote from the Introduction to the Defence Strategy of Serbia and Montenegro: “Serbia and Montenegro confirms its new approach to membership in international security structures, firstly to the NATO Partnership for Peace Program and the NATO Alliance, based upon the democratic will of the citizens, and to other European and Euro. Atlantic integration processes. ” (The Defence Strategy was adopted on 18 November 2004 by the Parliament of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro)

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO Context of Defence Reform: Ø Defence reform is a part of the overall effort to reform the state administration in a country in transition. Ø Thus, its course is influenced by political, financial and structural factors as is the case with all the other ministries, as well as by, Ø Specific security challenges facing the country.

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO Context of Particular Challenges: Ø Expectation of the future form of the State Union of Sa. M, Ø Pending negotiations on the future status of Kosovo and Metohija, Ø Complex security environment with special challenges (as per NDS: military challenges – armed rebellion; non-military challenges – terrorism, organised crime, corruption…)

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO VISION FOR THE DEFENCE SYSTEM § Full Civil and Democratic Control § Affordable system § Integrated into Euro-Atlantic Structures § Fully Professional § Clear Division between State and MOD obligations

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO VISION OF THE FUTURE SMAF ü Right-sized ü Better equipped, trained and organised ü Efficient ü With a greater proportion of deployable and sustainable forces with rapid reaction capability ü Compatible (eventually interoperable) with NATO forces ü Composed of modular Reaction and Territorial Forces ü With a personnel system adjusted to new challenges ü Eventually fully professional How do we get there?

DEFENCE REFORM IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO STRUCTURAL AND CONCEPTUAL CHANGES Establishment of Civil and Democratic Control of the AF: üGS subordinated to the MOD ü Intelligence and Security Departments transformed into Agencies and subordinated to the Mo. D ü Budget and Finance Department subordinated to the Mo. D ü 2 out of 4 Assistant Ministers and the Ministry Secretary are civilians – aim to increase. üIncreasingly capable and resolute standing committees on defence and security in the 3 parliaments. üIn the MOD, the Defence Policy Sector is establishing a parliamentary liaison office.

CO-OPERATION WITH NATO Tailored Cooperation Program between Sa. M and NATO for 2005 KEY OUTCOMES EXPECTED FROM TCP: Strengthened civilian democratic control over the military Commencement of achieving effective interoperability Involvement of NATO in Defence Reform process Downsizing personnel through the PRISMA resettlement program Interaction (as observer) in Euro-Atlantic multilateral fora (SEEI, SEDM, US-Adriatic Charter, NATO PA, etc. )

A WAY AHEAD Our vision in reform in general and in defence reform in particular, is clear: The aim is the advancement of our society, betterment for our citizens and membership in Euro-Atlantic structures through active engagement with our strategic partners.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION