Sequential Adaptive MultiModality Target Detection and Classification using

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models • Professor Andrew E. Yagle (PI) (EECS) Mine detection, channel identification • Professor Alfred O. Hero III (EECS) Sensor scheduling, nonparametric statistical models • Professor Kamal Sarabandi (Director, Rad Lab) Vehicle and foliage physics-based modelling • Assistant Professor Marcin Bownik (Mathematics) Basis functions and mathematical modelling

Accomplishments: A. E. Yagle • Developed range-migration algorithm (RMA) for landmine detection using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) [with Jay Marble] • Tested RMA algorithm on actual buried mine data; parallel lines signature [with Jay Marble] • Developed 2 -D and 3 -D blind deconvolution algorithms for even PSFs [with Siddhart Shah] (will apply to scattering channel effects) • Developed basis function inverse scattering algorithm (Green’s function representation)

Goals for Next Year: A. E. Yagle • Apply basis function inverse scattering to bases developed by Bownik • Mine signature detection using transforms to detect hyperbolae (prestack) vs. lines • Apply to channel identification for radar • NEW: Do not require even PSF; can also handle non-compact image; Bezout lemma

Publications Supported: A. E. Yagle 1. A. E. Yagle and S. Shah, “ 2 -D Blind Deconvolution of Even Point-Spread Functions from Compact-Support Images, ” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. 2. A. E. Yagle and S. Shah, “ 3 -D Blind Deconvolution of Even Point-Spread Functions from Compact-Support Images, ” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. 3. A. E. Yagle and S. Shah, “ 2 -D Blind Deconvolution of Compact-Support Images using Bezout’s Lemma and a Spline-Based Image Model, ” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc.

Publications Supported: A. E. Yagle 4. A. E. Yagle, “A Simple Closed-Form Linear Algebraic Solution to the Single-Blur 2 -D Blind Deconvolution Problem, ” submitted to LAA 5. A. E. Yagle, “A Closed-Form Linear Algebraic Solution to 2 -D Phase Retrieval, ” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. 6. A. E. Yagle, “Fast Spatially-Varying 2 -D Blind Deconvolution of Binary Images, ” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc.

Publications Supported: A. E. Yagle 7. A. E. Yagle and F. Al-Salem, Fast Non-Iterative Single-Blur 2 -D Blind Deconvolution of Separable and Low-Rank PSFs from Compact. Support Images, ” Proc. SPIE, San Diego, 2003 8. A. E. Yagle, “Blind Superresolution from Undersampled Blurred Measurements, ” Proc. SPIE, San Diego, August 2003 9. J. Marble, “A Method for Determining Size and Burial Depth of Landmines using Ground. Penetrating Radar” Tech. Report, May 2003

HERO: Accomplishments • Developed non-parametric statistical modelling using MRFs for target+clutter vs. clutter • Developed target model reduction technique • Developed distributed multisensor detection using hierarchical sensor aggregation • Developed myopic sequential adaptive sensor management for tracking

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models: Review 03 Publications(02 -03): Estimation-Classification • J. Costa and A. O. Hero, “Manifold learning with geodesic minimal spanning trees, ” submitted to IEEE T-SP (Special Issue on Machine Learning), July 2003. • A. O. Hero, J. Costa and B. Ma, "Convergence rates of minimal graphs with random vertices, " submitted to IEEE T-IT, March 2003. • J. Costa, A. O. Hero and C. Vignat, "On solutions to multivariate maximum alpha-entropy Problems", in Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMM-CVPR), Eds. M. Figueiredo, R. Rangagaran, J. Zerubia, Springer-Verlag, 2003 • D. Blatt and A. Hero, "Asymptotic distribution of log-likelihood maximization based algorithms and applications, " in Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMM-CVPR), Eds. M. Figueiredo, R. Rangagaran, J. Zerubia, Springer-Verlag, 2003

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models: Review 03 Publications(02 -03): Sensor Management • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Sensor management using relevance feedback learning, ” submitted to IEEE T-SP, June 2003 • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Multitarget tracking using particle representation of the joint multi-target density, ” submitted to IEEE T-AES, Aug. 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Castella, and A. O. Hero, "Multitarget sensor management using alpha divergence measures, ” Proc First IEEE Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks , Palo Alto, April 2003. • C. . Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “A Bayesian Method for Integrated Multitarget Tracking and Sensor Management”, 6 th International Conference on Information Fusion, Cairns, Australia, July 2003.

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models: Review 03 Publications(02 -03): Sensor Management(ctd) • C. Kreucher, C. , Kastella, K. , and Hero, A. , “Tracking Multiple Targets Using a Particle Filter Representation of the Joint Multitarget Probability Density”, SPIE, San Diego California, August 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Information-based sensor management for multitarget tracking”, SPIE, San Diego, California, August 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Particle filtering and information prediction for sensor management”, 2003 Defense Applications of Data Fusion Workshop, Adelaide, Australia, July 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Information Based Sensor Management for Multitarget Tracking”, Proc. Workshop on Multiple Hypothesis Tracking: A Tribute to Samuel S. Blackman, San Diego, CA, May 30, 2003.

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models: Review 03 Publications(02 -03): SP for Sensor Nets • N. Patwari and A. O. Hero, "Hierarchical censoring for distributed detection in wireless sensor networks, ” Proc. Of ICASSP, Hong Kong, April 2003. • N. Patwari, A. O. Hero, M. Perkins, N. S. Correal and R. J. O'Dea, "Relative location estimation in sensor networks, ” IEEE T-SP, vol. 51, No. 9, pp. 2137 -2148, Aug. 2003. • A. O. Hero , “Secure space-time communication, " to appear in IEEE T -IT, Dec. 2003. • M. F. Shih and A. O. Hero, "Unicast-based inference of network link delay distributions using mixed finite mixture models, " IEEE T-SP, vol. 51, No. 9, pp. 2219 -2228, Aug. 2003.

Sarabandi: Accomplishments • Performed phenomenological studies of: (a) physics-based clutter models (b) physics-based target models • Developed SAR/INSAR image simulator • Developed time-reversal method for foliage camouflaged target detection • Developed iterative frequency-correlationbased forest radar channel identification

Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detection and Classification using Physics-Based Models: Review 03 Accomplishments/Future Activities: Kamal Sarabandi 1. Clutter model improvement: inclusion of effect of multiple scattering among needles, generalized formulation for scattering from broad leaf. 2. Development of model for estimation of scattering from targets embedded in forested environment Ø Hybrid forest/FDTD Ø Hybrid forest/PO 3. Investigation on the application of TRM for beam focusing through foliage. (communication, target detection) 4. 4. Investigation on the application of FCF for retrieving response of a forest. 5. 5. High frequency SAR simulator.

Publications Supported: K. Sarabandi Wang, F. , and K. Sarabandi, “An Enhanced Microwave and Millimeter-wave Foliage Propagation Model, ” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, submitted August 2003. Sarabandi, K. , and A. Nashashibi, “Phenomenology of Millimeter-wave Signal Propagation and Scattering for Detection of Targets Camouflaged Under Foliage”, Proceeding: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Toulouse, France, July 21 -25, 2003. Telpukhovskiy, E. D. , V. P. Yakubov, K. Sarabandi, V. L. Mironov, and V. M. Tsepelev, “Wideband Radar Phenomenology of Forest Stands”, Proceeding: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Toulouse, France, July 21 -25, 2003.

Publications Supported: K. Sarabandi Wang, F. , I. Koh, and K. Sarabandi, “Theory and Measurements of Millimeter-wave Propagation Through Foliage”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, Columbus, OH, June 22 -27, 2003. Sarabandi, K. , and A. Nashashibi, “Detection of Hard Targets Camouflaged Under Foliage Using Millimeter-wave Radars”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, Columbus, OH, June 22 -27, 2003. Koh, I. S. , and K. Sarabandi, “On Single Scattering Theory for Estimation of Coherent Attenuation Through Dense Foliage at Millimeter-wave Frequencies”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, San Antonio, Texas, June 16 -21, 2002.