SEPARATING MIXTURES SEPARATING MIXTURES Youre stranded on a

SEPARATING MIXTURES

SEPARATING MIXTURES You’re stranded on a island surrounded by sea water and sadly your science equipment has washed away. . . how could you separate a mixture of sand, salt and water to get drinking water?

GOAL: TO EXTRACT CLEAN FRESH WATER Come up with a plan, you will need: A list of equipment - A series of steps - You should be able to explain your reasoning for each step, use your science knowledge!

SEPARATING MIXTURES Because substances in a mixture are physically combined, the processes used to separate a mixture are based on differences in physical properties

FILTRATION Heterogeneous mixture composed of solids and liquids can be separated by filtration Filtration: method of separating an insoluble solid from a solution

SEPARATING MIXTURES: EVAPORATION Evaporation: method of separating a soluble solid from a solution Water Evaporating dish Mixture (salt and water) Bunsen burner

DISTILLATION Most homogeneous mixtures can be separated by distillation Separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substances involved Mixture is heated until the lowest boiling point boils to a vapor that can then be condensed into a liquid and collected

SEPARATING MIXTURES: DISTILLATION Water vapor Mixture (salt and water) Bunsen burner

CHROMATOGRAPHY Technique that separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the size of the particles which affects how well they travel through a porous medium Mobile phase: components of the mixture are separated Stationary phase: substance which is fixed in place Can identify a substance based on how long it takes a mixture to travel through the stationary phase

CHROMATOGRAPHY Used to separate components of a solution Ex. Paper chromatography separate black into the colored dyes it contains

ACTIVITY Talk with your group and give a real life example for each separation method. Explain how we separate mixtures everyday by using these methods.