SEPARATING MIXTURES SEPARATING MIXTURES Discuss with a partner

SEPARATING MIXTURES

SEPARATING MIXTURES Discuss with a partner how you would separate the following mixtures… �Salt water �Muddy water �Iron filings and sand �Vegetable oil and water �Salt and pepper Be prepared to defend your answers! DISCUSSION QUESTION Are the components you have separated still mixtures, or are they pure? Why or why not?

Sorting �separating substances based on appearance (colour, size, texture) �some recycling programs require the driver to separate glass, plastic, and paper

Floating and Settling � allow heavier materials to settle to the bottom of a liquid and extract them with a tool � if a substance is light enough, it will float to the top of a liquid and a tool can be used to skim it from the surface

Sifting �separating solids by size � involves passing solid materials through a screen or mesh � parts that are small enough to pass through are separated from larger ones that can’t fit through �different than filtration; filtration is used to separate solids from liquids or gases �sifting separates solids from other solids

Magnetism �some metals are magnetic because their component particles are attracted to the particles within magnets �a magnet can be used to separate magnetic materials (iron, steel) from others (plastic dashboards, rubber tires)

SEPARATING SOLUTIONS-Filtration �separating solids from liquids or gases �when solution is poured through filter, solid parts are trapped, and liquid or gas pass through �if the solid is small enough, it may still pass through the filter. ex: salt dissolved in water �Coffee filter Oil filter Furnace filter Colander

Evaporation �Change of state from a liquid to a gas. �Used to recover a solid solute from a solution.

Chromatography �Chromatography is a method for separating and identifying the different components of a mixture �Chromatography works because substances in a mixture move at different rates through the test paper

Distillation �Uses two changes of state: evaporation and condensation. �It allows you to recover BOTH the solute and solvent from a solution. �Solution is boiled, which vaporizes the solvent and separates it from the solute �Gas condenses on a cool surface and is collected

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES IN THE HOME �Colanders �Clothes dryers �Window screens �Coffee percolators �Salad spinners �Any others?