Sentence Types SENTENCES VS NONSENTENCES FRAGMENTS SIMPLE COMPOUND

Sentence Types SENTENCES VS. NON-SENTENCES FRAGMENTS SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX COMMA SPLICES AND RUN-ONS

Which is a sentence? 1. He smiles. 2. The leaves fell to the ground. 3. Janice drove home.

All of them! If you thought all three statements in the previous slide were sentences, your were correct! A sentence only requires 2 parts: 1) A subject—the WHO or WHAT that is doing something 2) A predicate (verb)—the ACTION the subject is doing

Sentence or non-sentence? �The woman laughed. �Rode the bicycle. �The tree grew during the summer. �My dog after a squirrel. �They need water to survive. �In the guest room during the storm. �Teachers at COD. �Might require you to go to the doctor. �Annoys the cats in my basement.

Non-sentences are fragments. When a statement is not a complete sentence, it is called a fragment. A fragment is a part of something. So, a non-sentence is a part of an incomplete sentence. We can change fragments into sentences, but first let’s look at the 3 different types of sentences that exist, so we know how we can change a fragment into one.

Simple A simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a predicate, and it expresses a complete thought. Examples: 1. Some students like to study in the morning. 2. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. 3. Alicia goes to the library and studies everyday.

Compound A compound sentence contains two independent clauses (two complete sentences) and is joined by a coordinator. The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS. ) You will use a comma before a coordinator.

Compound Examples (FANBOYS) 1. The roof began leaking, for it was raining outside. 2. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. 3. Judy doesn’t work, nor does she want a job. 4. Nadia is pretty good at gymnastics, but she prefers swimming. 5. Jamie needs a vacation, or he will quit his job and go crazy. 6. Jennifer doesn’t earn much, yet she spends money like a millionaire. 7. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.

Complex A complex sentence has an independent clause (complete sentence) joined by one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, even though, when, unless, whenever, even if, etc. Dependant clauses DEPEND on more information (a complete sentence) in order for it to make sense.

Complex Examples 1. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. the teacher the last page. Although it is raining, the soccer game is still happening. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to Dairy Queen. Mike and Denise went to the mall after they finished studying. Even though Shane studied all night, he still failed the exam.

What are these? �Although it is cold outside. �Jobs require computer knowledge, so many schools are exposing students to technology in the classroom. �Jane went to the store after work. �Researchers in France. �Whenever I go to the store, I spend more than I planned to. �The answers to the test.

Comma Splices (a type of run-on) A comma splice happens when two complete sentences are joined together by a comma. This is NOT okay. You cannot join together two complete sentences with just a comma. Example: I love hot chocolate in the winter, it’s my favorite thing to drink. (NO! NO!) Luckily, there are ways to fix a comma splice.

Fixing Comma Splices Option 1: Make two complete sentences. I love hot chocolate in the winter. It’s my favorite thing to drink. Option 2: Join the sentences with a semicolon. I love hot chocolate in the winter; it’s my favorite thing to drink.

Fixing Comma Splices �Option 3: Use the comma with a FANBOY. I love hot chocolate in the winter, for it’s my favorite thing to drink.

You try! 1. All over the country people sell products over the internet, these people are making an impressive profit. 2. I went home after the sixth inning, my family stayed. 3. Ice cream is an excellent summer treat, popsicles are my favorite.

Run-on Sentences A run-on sentence occurs when there is no punctuation indicating complete sentences. Example: I love to write papers I would write one every day if I had the time. There are two complete sentences here, but there is no punctuation indicating that fact. You fix this the same way you fix a comma splice.

Run-on Fix It! �Adam is a sweet boy he really loves animals. �Jennifer swam across the river she did it quickly. �Once the storm was over we ate dinner we had a chocolate cake for dessert. �Dogs make great pets cats are even better. �I don’t play baseball well I’m too weak to hit the ball.