Sentence Combining Coordination Grammar Lesson 1 Coordinating Conjunctions

Sentence Combining Coordination Grammar Lesson 1

Coordinating Conjunctions List and for nor yet so but or 2

Using coordinating conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions join sentences with a comma. 3

Using coordinating conjunctions Another way is to use a semicolon with conjunctive adverbs. In each case you are combining sentences. 4

Examples of coordinating conjunctions Juan stayed up late, and Rosa went to bed early to read. 5

Examples of coordinating conjunctions Oscar came out of the water with the others, but Maria kept on swimming. 6

Examples of coordinating conjunctions There was no food at all in the house, so we went out to eat. 7

Examples of coordinating conjunctions We can go to the 7 o’clock showing and eat afterwards, or we can just have a leisurely dinner and forget the movie. 8

The use of coordinating conjunctions 1. The different conjunctions create relationships between two simple sentences 2. In each case the two simple sentences can stand on their own. 9

The use of coordinating conjunctions Notice the last example contains not one, but three coordinating conjunctions (and…or…and). 10

The use of coordinating conjunctions It contains three coordinating conjunctions (and…or…and); however, only one of these joins two complete sentences. Look at it again. 11

The last example again…. We can go to the 7 o’clock showing and eat afterwards, or we can just have a leisurely dinner and forget the movie. 12

More on coordinating conjunctions The two other coordinating conjunctions (and…and) simply join two verbs to one subject. 13

More on coordinating conjunctions We can go… and eat. We can… have… and forget. 14

More on coordinating conjunctions This one sentence pattern should not be confused with building compound sentences. 15

Two more examples of compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions My cousin never shows any kind of generosity, yet he always expects everyone to be generous to him. 16

One more example of compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions Lisa has been thinking lately, for she knows that high school requires a lot of responsibility. 17

Notice in all examples: There is a comma before the coordinating conjunction that joins the two main clauses. 18

Sentence Practice Complete Coordination Worksheet Rewrite as a Compound Sentence Choose correct conjunction Punctuate correctly Turn in Complete W&G, page 445, Ex. 24: Write sentences Underline subjects once/verbs twice Bring to class tomorrow 19

Sentence Practice W&G, pages 443 -445 Study Simple Sentences Complete Page 444, Ex. 23 Write Sentences Underline subjects once/verbs twice Study Compound sentences Complete Page 445, Ex. 24 Write sentences Underline subjects once/verbs twice Turn in & pick up Handout on Back Table 20

The semi-colon: The semi-colon is another device for creating coordination. This is done in two ways: with just the semicolon, or with the semi-colon plus a conjunctive adverb. 21

Conjunctive adverbs: however therefore on the other hand in fact consequently nevertheless 22

Please note that these connectors not only join sentences; they actually show a relationship between the two sentences. 23

Examine the following examples of semi-colon coordination: 24

The spring weather conditions we yearn for have arrived; cool nights are followed by clear sunrises and warm middays. 25

Student use of the computer lab is modest; in fact, some students never set foot in it the whole time they attend middle school. 26

Student involvement still exists on many campuses; the great majority of students, however, pay little attention to political and social issues. 27

Notice that in the last example: Student involvement still exists on many campuses; the great majority of students, however, pay little attention to political and social issues. The connector however is placed inside the second clause, but the semi-colon stays where it is. 28

The sentence would also be correct with the however placed right after the semicolon: Student involvement still exists on many campuses; however, the great majority of students pay little attention to political and social issues. 29

Notice that however with a semi-colon is a more formal way to achieve the same effect as a comma with but. The writer can choose the degree of formality. 30

Coordination Exercises: Part I Fill in the coordinating conjunction that makes the most sense. 31

Coordinating conjunctions (a partial list) Review and for nor yet so but or 32

Part I 1. Clarissa wanted to cook veal for dinner, . . . . Jose wanted to eat out. 33

Part I 1. Clarissa wanted to cook veal for dinner, but Jose wanted to eat out. 34

Part I 2. We’ll clean the downstairs, . . . . you can do the upstairs. 35

Part I 2. We’ll clean the downstairs, and you can do the upstairs. 36

Part I 3. Our government can focus on strong defense, . . . . it can focus on peace. 37

Part I 3. Our government can focus on strong defense, or it can focus on peace. 38

Part I 4. Uncle Humberto always complains about the untidiness of others, . . . . he turns every place he goes to into a pig sty. 39

Part I 4. Uncle Humberto always complains about the untidiness of others, yet he turns every place he goes to into a pig sty. 40

Part I 5. We just had to spend $500. 00 fixing the car, . . . . we won’t be able to take that trip to Florida. 41

Part I 5. We just had to spend $500. 00 fixing the car, so we won’t be able to take that trip to Florida. 42

Part II Write three compound sentences (like the ones before) using coordinating conjunctions. Make sure you join two complete sentences with the conjunction that makes sense. Write about Spring Break. 43

Part III Write out the following pairs of sentences, joining them with a semi-colon and one of the following connectors: in fact, consequently, therefore 44

Part III 1. I will not be attending the show. I have extra tickets for anyone that can use them. 45

Part III Answer 1. I will not be attending the show; therefore, I have extra tickets for anyone that can use them. 46

Part III 2. Maria has been a great help to me. She just proofread an essay for me this morning. 47

Part III Answer 2. Maria has been a great help to me; in fact, she just proofread an essay for me this morning. 48

Part III 3. Marion needed to be home early. She left school at 3 p. m. 49

Part III Answer 3. Marion needed to be home early; consequently, she left school at 3 p. m. 50

Practice Compound Sentences Rewrite each pair of sentences as a compound sentence. Use three methods learned today: 1. comma & coordinating conjunction 2. semicolon & conjunctive adverb 3. semicolon only 51