Sensor Signal Conditioning Joon Hyub Kim kim 4539korea
Sensor Signal Conditioning Joon Hyub Kim kim 4539@korea. ac. kr 010 -5176 -5789
Chapter One Introduction to Sensor Signal Conditioning Joon Hyub Kim kim 4539@korea. ac. kr 010 -5176 -5789
Chapter One Sensors v Sensor Technology CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr 3
Chapter One 4 Sensors v 센서(sensor)란? one form of energy physical or chemical input transducer sensor another form of energy CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning electrical output Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 5 Sensors v 센서 종류 § Physical sensors : Pressure sensors, Accelerometers, Photodiodes § Chemical sensors : Gas sensors, § Biosensors : Glucose sensors, Immunosensors, DNA sensors MASS 정공 전자 SPRING Cs 1 Cs 2 Cs 1 = Cs 2 CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 6 Sensors v 센서 종류 § Physical sensors : Pressure sensors, Accelerometers, Photodiodes § Chemical sensors : Gas sensors, § Biosensors : Glucose sensors, Immunosensors, DNA sensors Photodiode Pressure sensor Thermocouple Optical, Mechanical, Thermal, Magnetic, Chemical energy input energy Gas sensors Humidity sensors Chemica l effects Physical effects sensor Biologic al effects Biosensors output energy Electrical signal CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 7 Sensors v Human Sensor Seeing (CCD) Hearing (microphone) Taste (Electronic tongue) CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Smell (Electronic nose ) Touch (tactile arrays) Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 8 Sensors v Man-Machine Analogy external stimulus five senses sensors brain computer muscle actuator CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 9 Third Industrial Revolution : Sensorization v Automation has three phases ⇒ Humans have always tried to extend their capabilities. § Mechanization (기계화) § Informatization (정보화) § Sensorization (센서화) CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 10 Third Industrial Revolution : Sensorization v Automation has three phases § Mechanization • Firstly, Humans extended their mechanical powers. • They invented the steam engine, the combustion engine, the electric motor, and the jet engine. • Mechanization thoroughly changed society. The first industrial revolution was born. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 11 Third Industrial Revolution : Sensorization v Automation has three phases § Informatization • Secondly, they extended their brains. • They invented means for artificial logic and communication: the computer and the internet. This informatization phase is changing society again, where we cannot yet fully predict the end result. • Informatization refers to the extent by which a geographical area, an economy or a society is becoming information-based, i. e. , increase in size of its information labor force. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 12 Third Industrial Revolution : Sensorization v Automation has three phases § Sensorization • By inventing sensors, humans are now learning to artificially expand their senses. • Sensorization together with mechanization and informatization will bring about the third industrial revolution of full automation or robotization. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning GPS 비디오 카메라 현 위치 파악 후 목적 지와 비교해 핸들 조정 교통신호, 근거리, 작은 물체 인지 레이저 스케너 구글 컴퓨터 전파 탐지기를 통해 물 체 식별 & 거리 계산 모든 운전 정보 종합 & 분석하여 운전 지시 수동 조작 전환 장치 돌발상황 시 자동운전 에서 수동으로 전환 < 구글카 자동운전시스템 > Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 13 Sensorization - Examples v Automated Flight Control System : Autopilot § It includes many sensors to monitor the flight. The computers process the signals, compare them with the designed values, and provide control signals for the engines, rudders(방향타), and flaps that move the plane. § This triptych of mechanics, computers, and sensors allows the plane to fly on autopilot. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 14 Sensorization - Examples v Autodriver ? § The sensor system for an autodriver still weighs too much, is too bulky, and too costly to manufacture. § So before we can apply sensorization to smart cars, smart homes, and industrial production machines, we must reduce the costs, size, and weight of the sensor system. § This effort is the subject of our present challenge to develop Integrated Smart Sensors, as shown in Table below. http: //www. 100 mirror. com/1585#. U-ia. CU 3 lod. U CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One Sensorization - Examples v Autodriver ? § Intelligent(smart) Car http: //www. motorgraph. com/news/article. View. html? idxno=3262 CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr 15
Chapter One Sensorization - Examples v Smart Domestic Appliances § Domestic appliances still do not take over all the housework. But the time will come when the vacuum cleaner will automatically move from its socket once a week and vacuum the rooms, without running over a cat or knocking over a vase. § It will vacuum until the carpet is clean and no longer, and will automatically return to its socket for recharging. § The refrigerator will detect when the supply of certain items is running low and will communicate this, so that it can be refurnished. § The washing machine will determine how much detergent is needed to clean the laundry and use no more than that. It will rinse until no soap is left in the laundry – not a second longer. § It will immediately start rinsing if a red sweater threatens to turn the laundry pink. § There may be a time when every house comes with a robotic butler(집사), supplying the needs of the family members. Only integrated smart sensors can enable this. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr 16
Chapter One 17 Sensorization - Examples v Smart Toys § Toys can become lifelike if they are given sensors. An example is the Sony AIBO. § Sensors used in virtual-reality gloves can monitor our movements so that the virtual reality we see can be adapted to it. § A racing simulator may be used for play or driving instructions. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 18 Sensorization - Examples v Our Final Dream § If we are also able to integrate a wireless power source and wireless communication, a whole new concept of ambiguous sensors will appear. § Many sensors could then be used in cars, homes, clothes, and fields to obtain valuable information. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One 20 Signal Conditioning & Processing v General structure of measurement system § Signal Conditioning의 역할 분류 • Analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) • Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) • Signal averaging to reduce noise (i. e. evoked response) § Signal Conditioning의 세부 역할 • 신호 레벨 조정(level changes) (신호증폭 또는 감쇠) • 분리(isolation) • 필터링(filtering) • Transformation (time domain to frequency domain) • 구동(excitation) • Compensation for undesirable sensor characteristics • 브리지 회로 완성(bridge completion) • 선형화(linearization) • 냉접점 보상(cold-junction compensation) • 임피던스 정합(impedance matching) input sensing element signal conditioning signal processing data presentation element < General structure of measurement system > CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr output
Chapter One 27 Signal Conditioning & Processing v Signal Conditioning의 세부 역할 § Summary Amplification Isolation Filtering Thermocouple ü ü ü Thermistor ü ü ü RTD ü ü ü Strain Gage ü ü ü Load, Pressure, Torque (m. V/V) ü ü ü Load, Pressure, Torque (± 5 V, ± 10 V, 4 -20 m. A) ü ü ü Accelerometer ü ü ü Microphone ü ü Proximity Probe ü ü LVDT ü ü ü CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Excitation Linearization Bridge Completion ü Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr ü
Chapter One Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) v Wireless sensor node § Sensors + microprocessor + radio § Wireless sensor networks CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr 28
Chapter One 29 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) v Wireless sensor node § Wireless Body-Area Network (WBAN) § Wireless Body Area Network of Intelligent Sensors in the telemedical environment CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr
Chapter One Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) v Smart Home § Many sensors have been built-in in the ‘home of the future’. § Like cars, houses can only accommodate many sensors if a distributed bus system is used instead of a point-to-point network. CIEN 346 Sensor Signal Conditioning Nam Ki Min 02 -3290 -3991 nkmin@korea. ac. kr 30
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