Sensation Perception PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION How do we organize

Sensation & Perception PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION How do we organize and interpret our sensations so

Depth Perception Turning a 2 D retinal image into a 3 D perception

Binocular Cues l Retinal Disparity – difference in images seen by two eyes used

Monocular Cues Relative size Overlap Linear perspective Relative height Texture gradient Aerial Perspective

Relative Size http: //webvision. med. utah. edu/Kall. Depth. html

Linear Perspective http: //www-psych. stanford. edu/~lera/psych 115 s/notes/lecture 8/figures 1. html#size http: //ahsmail. uwaterloo.

Light & Shade http: //webvision. med. utah. edu/Kall. Depth. html

Relative Height http: //www-psych. stanford. edu/~lera/psych 115 s/notes/lecture 8/figures 1. html#size

http: //psych. hanover. edu/Krantz/art/scolls. jpg

Perceptual Constancy Recognizing objects without being deceived by shape, color, size or lightness

Color Constancy Perceiving familiar objects with consistent color, despite changes in illumination

Size and Shape Constancies We perceive the form of familiar objects as constant even

Size-Distance Relationship Interplay between perceived height and distance

Perception Experiment (Half the class take a break) Rearrange and write out the following

Perceptual Set l The predisposition based on previous experience to perceive a stimulus in

Perceptual Constancy l l l Why does a door continue to look rectangular when

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Sensation & Perception PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION How do we organize and interpret our sensations so that they become meaningful perceptions?

GESTALT PRINCIPLES “form” or “whole”

FIGURE & GROUND

CLOSURE

SIMILARITY

PROXIMITY

CONTINUITY

CONNECTEDNESS

SYMMETRY

Depth Perception Turning a 2 D retinal image into a 3 D perception

Binocular Cues l Retinal Disparity – difference in images seen by two eyes used to calculate distance (bigger “jump” when object is closer) l Relative distance

Monocular Cues Relative size Overlap Linear perspective Relative height Texture gradient Aerial Perspective

Relative Size http: //webvision. med. utah. edu/Kall. Depth. html

Overlap / Interposition

Linear Perspective http: //www-psych. stanford. edu/~lera/psych 115 s/notes/lecture 8/figures 1. html#size http: //ahsmail. uwaterloo. ca/kin 356/cues/mcues. htm

Light & Shade http: //webvision. med. utah. edu/Kall. Depth. html

Relative Height http: //www-psych. stanford. edu/~lera/psych 115 s/notes/lecture 8/figures 1. html#size

Texture Gradient

Aerial Perspective (Distance Fog)

http: //psych. hanover. edu/Krantz/art/scolls. jpg

Perceptual Constancy Recognizing objects without being deceived by shape, color, size or lightness

Color Constancy Perceiving familiar objects with consistent color, despite changes in illumination

Size and Shape Constancies We perceive the form of familiar objects as constant even while our retinal images change

Müller-Lyer Illusion

The Vertical/Horizontal Line Illusion

Size-Distance Relationship Interplay between perceived height and distance

Perception Experiment (Half the class take a break) Rearrange and write out the following words

LULB

CALEM

NUKKS

SEOMU

BAZER

EAP

2 nd Group

NORC

NOONI

MATOOT

PREPPE

TEBE

EAP

Perceptual Set l The predisposition based on previous experience to perceive a stimulus in a certain way l examples

Perceptual Constancy l l l Why does a door continue to look rectangular when opened? How do you know that a person isn’t growing when they walk towards you? Perceptual Organization: THE DOG ATE MEAT or THE DO GATE ME AT? DO