Semantics Homework Ex 1 2 5 8 10

Semantics Homework Ex 1, 2, 5 -8, 10, 11

Exercise 1 -1 The referents of pronouns • Which words are shifting referents a. b. c. d. e. I am going to eat lunch. You look nice today. He was late for class. We are busy tonight. They have a new car.

Exercise 1 -2 • Add a sentence to make the referent clear. a. My name is Nathalie. I am going to eat lunch. b. I love you, my wonderful husband. You look nice today.

Exercise 1 -2 • Add a sentence to make the referent clear. d. Fred hasn’t changed. He was late for class. e. My husband I do ministry on Thursdays. We are busy tonight. f. I am so happy for Christian and Nathalie. They have a new car

Exercise 2 -1 The Semantic Properties of Words • What are the semantic properties of the words: a. Woman - girl = human, female b. Mother – Father = human, parent c. Sister – Brother = Human, Child, Sibling

Exercise 2 -1 The Semantic Properties of Words • What are the semantic properties of the words: d. Car – Bicycle – motorcycle – bus – Truck = Vehicle, Mode of transportation e. Cat, Dog, Goldfish, Parakeet, Hamster = Animal, Domestic animal

Exercise 2 -2 • Write a chart using the + and – system to show the semantic properties of each set of words in a through e. ØPlease see answer key at the back of the textbook.

Exercise 5 Hyponyms 1. Sedan, coupe, hathback, convertible, SUV, minivan = hyponyms of the words CAR 2. Daisy, primrose, carnation, rose = hyponyms of the words FLOWER 3. Hammer, screwdriver, drill, pliers = hyponyms of the words TOOL

Exercise 5 Hyponyms 4. Hyponyms of the word APPLIANCE = stove, fridge, freezer, etc. 5. Hyponyms of the word FRUIT = strawberry, apple, orange, etc. 6. Hyponyms of the word FURNITURE = sofa, bed, coffee table, etc.

Exercise 6 -1 Synonyms • Explain the difference between each synonym: a. Student = one who is learning b. Pupil = one who is under the tutelage of a famous instructor c. Carry = to move while supporting d. Tote = to carry by hand : bear on the person

Exercise 6 -1 • Explain the difference between each synonym: e. Backpack = a load carried on the back f. Knapsack = a bag (as of canvas or nylon) strapped on the back and used for carrying supplies or personal belongings g. Day pack = A rather small, lightweight backpack for carrying articles such as books.

Exercise 6 -2 • Explain the difference between each synonym: a. Child = a young person especially between infancy and youth b. Kid = a young person; often used as a generalized reference to one especially younger or less experienced c. Slept = to rest in a state of sleep d. Napped = to sleep briefly especially during the day

Exercise 6 -2 • Explain the difference between each synonym: e. Deeply = characterized by profundity of feeling or quality f. Soundly = deep and undisturbed g. Bed = piece of furniture on or in which to lie and sleep h. Cot = a small usually collapsible bed often of fabric stretched on a frame

Exercise 7 -1 Homonyms • Other homonym pairs: a. Bear (animal) and bear (carry) b. lean (thin) and lean (rest against) c. lap (to drink with tongue) and lap (a circuit) d. miss (unmarried woman) and miss (to overlook)

Exercise 7 -1 Homonyms Homophones: a. arc - curve ark – Noah’s boat b. ate – chewed up and swallowed eight – number after seven c. bare - uncovered bear – grizzly animal d. cent – penny coin sent – did send

Exercise 7 -2 • Make a pun using homonyms: – I missed out on Miss Out – I miss Mismark.

Exercise 7 -3 • Explain how homonyms are different from polysemous words. i. Homonyms: unrelated meaning ii. Polysemous: related meaning

Exercise 8 -1 Antonyms • What kind of antonyms are these: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. True/False: Gradable / Relational Bright/Dark: Gradable Over/Under: Relational Married/Single: Relational Doctor/Patient: Relational Stop/Go: Relational Tall/Short: Gradable Buy/Sell: Relational

Exercise 8 -2 • Make up a complementary pair using each of the following prefixes: a. Un- : Washable / Un-washable b. Non- : Existent / Nonexistent c. In- : Curable / Incurable

Exercise 8 -3 • What larger set do gradable antonyms belong to? – ADJECTIVES

Exercise 8 -4 • Write sentences to show the symmetry of relational antonyms: a. The doctor saw the patient. b. They bought the house that was being sold.

Exercise 8 -5 • Using the suffixes “-er” and “-ee” make up relational antonyms: a. Farmer & Farmee: The farmer tended to the farmees. b. Dresser & Dressee: The dresser clothes the dressee.

Pragmatics Homework

Exercise 10 - 1 • Explain the social meaning of each of the following utterances. a. Howdy, Ma’am! speaker from Sothern US b. And like this guy, like he’s so like cute. speaker is a young girl/teen/young adult c. Way cool! speaker is a hippie

Exercise 10 - 1 • Explain the social meaning of each of the following utterances. d. Chill out, dude. speaker is uneducated e. In my day, we didn’t do things like that. speaker is an older person f. So, he walks into the cube farm and tells me that I am uninstalled. speaker is a trechy

Exercise 10 - 2 • Write three pairs of sentences that have the same referential meaning but different affective meanings. a. I met the Prime Minister. b. I encountered the honorable Stephen Harper c. I bumped into our national leader.

Exercise 10 - 3 • “Yea, right. ” “Right” has a sarcastic connotation to it, meaning “as if” or “I don’t think so”. “Yea” can also be used with a sarcastic connotation, meaning the same thing. The meaning/sense is determined by the context and way of saying it.

Exercise 11 1. Apologizing: I’m sorry 2. Firing: You’re fired! 3. Hiring: You’re hired! 4. Daring: I dare you to …

Exercise 11 5. Challenging: I challenge you to … / Bet you can’t … 6. Promising: I promise to … 7. Telling: I’m telling you that … 8. Requesting: Could you please give me …