Selfassembly in Nature Nano Selfassembly of amphiphilic molecules

Self-assembly in Nature

Nano

Self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules

spherical micelles cylindrical micelles nanotubes vesicles (liposomes)

Drug delivery systems 1. Direct conjugation of drugs or therapeutic proteins to macromolecules such as polymers and proteins.

2. Encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs at the inside of the micelles or dendrimers

3. Entrapment of water-soluble drugs at the inside cavity of vesicles

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect Macromolecules cannot pass through the capillary walls of normal tissue. The entry of macromolecules into tumor tissue takes place in the capillaries where blood flow is diminished and nutrients transfer into the tissue. In contrast to the blood capillaries in most normal tissues, the endothelial layer of the capillaries in the tumor tissue is fenestrated and leaky so that macromolecules and other nanoparticles reach the malignant tissue. Tumor tissue generally has a defective lymphatic drainage system with the result that macromolecules are retained and can subsequently accumulate in solid tumors.

p. H-Responsive Nanocapsules DLS 18 nm p. H 7 HCl p. H 5 1 3 nm 10 100 Radius (nm) Release of Calcein p. H 5 p. H 7 p. H drop Vesicle d = 36 nm J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 12724 Micelle d = 6 nm

Carbohydrate – Protein Multivalent Interactions antigen carbohydrate Antigen Kiessling et. al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 14922.

Mannose-Coated Supramolecules Hem a g g l u tina Vesicle ster 12 23 glycoc lu n. d. d= 40 nm d= 20 nm d= 10 nm ein l e c t i n p rot 1 nm 16333 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 50127, Chem. Commun. 2005, 2035 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, in press 2 3 100 nm Sp

Selective Binding of Supramolecules to Bacterial Cells E. coli pili Binding to E. coli ORN 178 TEM 100 nm E. Coli (ORN 178) + spheres 100 nm E. Coli (ORN 178) + cylinders 100 nm E. Coli (ORN 208)

Binding of Bacterial Cells Selective-binding + ß-sheet assembly Pathogen = = D-mannose-binding protein Pathogen