Seedlot Handling and Tuber Yield Loretta Mikitzel Ph
Seedlot Handling and Tuber Yield Loretta Mikitzel, Ph. D, PAg NB Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries New Brunswick Potato Conference and Trade Show February 5, 2015
2014 Seed Handling demonstrations • Seedlot comparison • Seed warming and precutting • New Brunswick Canadian Potato Industry Transformation Initiative – Seed Group
Seedlot Comparison • 9 different 2013 seedlots • Russet Burbank E 3 and E 4 • Richmond to Drummond parishes • Received in Wicklow on March 28, 2014 • To evaluate physiological age, tubers held at 18°C in the dark
April 25, 2014 2 1 3
April 25, 2014 4 5 6
April 25, 2014 8 7 9
Warm vs cold • Divided each seedlot in half • May 5, 2014 – cut half of each seed lot, treated with Maxim, stored at 10°C until planting (warm) • Half of each lot stored at 4°C until May 27, 2014 then cut, treated and stored at 10°C until planting (cold) • June 2, 2014 planted at Bloomfield in a processing field
At planting June 2, 2014
19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 1 120, 0 100, 0 40, 0 Warm Cold emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 warm cold 20, 0
19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н July 8, 2014 Seedlot #2 120, 0 100, 0 40, 0 Warm Cold emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 warm cold 20, 0
July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 3 100, 0 90, 0 emergence (%) 80, 0 70, 0 60, 0 50, 0 40, 0 30, 0 warm cold 20, 0 19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н 0, 0 Warm Cold
July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 4 120, 0 emergence (%) 100, 0 80, 0 60, 0 warm cold 40, 0 20, 0 19 -июн Warm Cold 26 -июн 3 -июл 10 -июл 17 -июл 24 -июл
July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 5 120, 0 100, 0 Seedlot #5 emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 40, 0 warm 20, 0 cold 19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н 0, 0 Warm Cold
July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 6 120, 0 100, 0 Seedlot #6 emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 40, 0 20, 0 warm cold 19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н 0, 0 Warm Cold
19 -и ю 20 н -и ю 21 н -и ю 22 н -и ю 23 н -и ю 24 н -и ю 25 н -и ю 26 н -и ю 27 н -и ю 28 н -и ю 29 н -и ю 30 н -и ю н July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 7 120, 0 100, 0 40, 0 Warm Cold emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 warm cold 20, 0
Warm Cold 3 -июл 40, 0 2 -июл 1 -июл 30 -июн 29 -июн 28 -июн 27 -июн 26 -июн 25 -июн 24 -июн 23 -июн 22 -июн 21 -июн 100, 0 20 -июн 19 -июн July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 8 120, 0 emergence (%) 80, 0 60, 0 warm cold 20, 0
July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 9 120, 0 emergence (%) 100, 0 80, 0 60, 0 warm 40, 0 cold 20, 0 Warm Cold Lot # 9 3 -июл 2 -июл 1 -июл 30 -июн 29 -июн 28 -июн 27 -июн 26 -июн 25 -июн 24 -июн 23 -июн 22 -июн 21 -июн 20 -июн 19 -июн 0, 0
July 21, 2014 Seedlot # 3 Warm Cold Seedlot # 6 Warm Cold
August 15, 2014
Stems per plant Seedlot # Warm Cold 1 3. 0 3. 1 2 2. 9 2. 5 3 4. 0 2. 8 4 3. 0 2. 7 5 2. 3 4. 6 6 3. 5 3. 4 7 3. 7 8 2. 9 3. 2 9 3. 3 4. 0
Total Yield (cwt/A) Top killed September 16, 2014 harvested September 24, 2014 Warm = 350 cwt/A Cold = 312 cwt/A
Marketable Yield (cwt/A) Warm = 281 cwt/A Cold = 260 cwt/A
Tubers per plant Seedlot # Warm Cold 1 11. 0 7. 7 2 9. 3 9. 5 3 12. 1 8. 9 4 10. 3 8. 4 5 9. 9 13. 5 6 11. 7 11. 5 7 9. 5 8 8. 1 9. 7 9 9. 1 11. 1
Crop Value ($/acre) 3500 + $952 + $742 + $1, 011 + $808 + $576 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 Warm Cold 6 7 8 9
Crop Value ($/acre) - $299 3500 - $71 - $624 - $532 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 Warm Cold 6 7 8 9
Seedlot Comparison • Most seedlots benefit from warming seed before planting – – More rapid emergence More uniform emergence Higher yield Greater value • Some seedlots warming for 4 weeks at 10°C before planting not beneficial • Know the condition of your seedlot
Seed Warming Demonstration • Russet Burbank • Innovator • Determined crop value after warming and precutting seed • Planted June 3, 2014 • Planted at Mc. Cain Research Farm, Greenfield
Seed Warming Treatments Cold whole seed 4°C , 10°C 6 days before planting Warm whole seed 10 °C for 26 days before planting Precut 40 days Cut, held 10°C for 40 days before planting Precut 33 days Cut, held 10°C for 33 days before planting Precut 26 days Cut, held 10°C for 26 days before planting Precut 19 days Cut, held 10°C for 19 days before planting Cold cut 6 days 4°C , then cut and 10°C 6 days before planting Warmed 2 weeks + cut 6 days Held at 10°C for 2 weeks, cut 6 days before planting
Emergence (%) – Russet Burbank
Emergence (%) - Innovator
Russet Burbank July 3, 2014 Cold Whole Warmed whole Cold cut 6 d warmed 2 wks + cut 6 d
Innovator July 3, 2014 Cold Whole Warmed whole Cold cut 6 d warmed 2 wks + cut 6 d
Innovator July 16, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6 d
Innovator July 18, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6 d
Innovator July 23, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6 d
Innovator August 13, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6 d
Days after planting to flowering Russet Burbank Innovator Cold whole seed 54 50 Warm whole seed 44 43 Precut 40 days 44 43 Precut 33 days 44 43 Precut 26 days 48 50 Precut 19 days 48 52 Cold cut 6 days 52 50 Warmed 2 weeks + cut 6 days 52 50
Marketable yield – Russet Burbank
Value ($/A) – Russet Burbank
Marketable yield - Innovator
Value ($/A) – Innovator
Seed Warming Demonstration • Russet Burbank and Innovator benefit from precutting and warming seed – Precut and store at 10°C 26 to 33 days before planting • Highest yield and crop value with precut seed • Lowest yield and crop value when seed held at 4°C until planting warmed for 6 days before planting
2015 seed trials • Repeat seedlot comparison • Repeat seed warming trial – Reduce the holding temperature to 7°- 8°C instead of 10°C
Acknowledgements • Seed growers who donated samples • Mc. Cain Research Farm crew
- Slides: 44