SEDIMENTARY ROCK SEDIMENT Deposits of material left by

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

SEDIMENT � Deposits of material left by wind, water, or moving ice.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK � Rock created when different grain size particles of Earth become compacted, cemented or re crystallized (lithification).

GRAIN SIZE FROM LARGEST TO SMALLEST � Boulders � Pebbles � Gravel � Sand � Silt � Clay

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK I Clastic – coarse grained to fine grained � Conglomerate � Breccia � Sandstone � Siltstone � Shale

SEDIMENTARY - CONGLOMERATE � Large grained � Rounded pebbles or gravel compacted and cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - BRECCIAS � Large grained � jagged edged pebbles or gravel compacted and cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - SANDSTONE � Small texture grained “gritty”

SEDIMENTARY - SILTSTONE Fine grained – smooth texture

SEDIMENTARY - SHALE � Very fine almost no grain. Very smooth texture.

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK II Organic – made from once living organisms. Coal Limestone

SEDIMENTARY - ORGANIC � Coal – made from the remains of decayed plant and animal material. � Peat- plant matter � Lignite- brown coal/still some moisture present � Bituminous- soft black coal/almost all moisture removed � Anthracite – hardened black coal/ almost pure carbon/ no moisture

COAL FORMATION peat bituminou s lignite anthracite

SEDIMENTARY ORGANIC � Limestone – begins as shells or calcium bearing animals or plants. � These die and float to the bottom of the ocean or lake they inhabit. � Eventually enough accumulates to create enough pressure to create limestone.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK � III Chemical sedimentary rock � Evaporates