Section C Global Burden 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg

Section C Global Burden 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Global Smoking Prevalence Tobacco Atlas (2006). Source: adapted by CTLT from The Tobacco (2006). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 2

Cigarette Consumption in China (1952– 1996) Average Number of Manufactured Cigarettes Smoked per Man per Day in China, 1996 (Smokers and Nonsmokers Combined) Source: adapted by CTLT from The Tobacco Atlas (2002). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 3

Cigarette Consumption in Poland (1923– 2000) Average Number of Manufactured Cigarettes Smoked per Man per Day in Poland (Smokers and Nonsmokers Combined) Source: adapted by CTLT from Zatonski, et al. (2004). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 4

Burden of Tobacco Deaths Shifting Annual World Tobacco Deaths (in Millions) 2000 2030 Developed 2 ~3 Developing ~2 ~7 World Total 4 ~10 One in two long-term smokers killed by their addiction Half of deaths in middle age (35 -69) Source: adapted by CTLT from Peto, R. and Lopez, A. (2001). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 5

The Global Tobacco Health Burden Single most important cause of preventable deaths in the world Projected to be the leading cause of death by 2020 s—one in eight deaths Smokers killed in middle age lose more than 20 years of life expectancy. women developing countries 0. 4 million men industrialized men countries developing 1. 8 million countries 2. 0 million Annual deaths Premature deaths from smoking worldwide 2000 women industrialized countries 0. 6 million total 4. 8 million men 3. 8 million women 1. 0 million Source: The Tobacco Atlas. (2002). Permission granted. 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 6

The Global Tobacco Health Burden 70% of tobacco deaths in the 2020 s will be in developing countries (DC) 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 7

The Global Tobacco Burden—Women Closing gender gap—over 236 million women smoke globally Only ≈ 3% of women in Southeast Asia smoke cigarettes High exposure to secondhand smoke Image source: adapted by CTLT from The Tobacco Atlas. (2006). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 8

The Global Tobacco Burden—Women Estimated Smoking Prevalence by Gender and Number of Smokers in Populations Aged 15 or More, by World Bank Region, 1995 World Bank Region Smoking Prevalence (%) Total Smokers Males Females Overall Millions Percentage of Smokers East Asia and Pacific 59 4 32 401 35 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 59 26 41 148 13 Latin America and Caribbean 40 21 30 95 8 Middle East and North Africa 44 5 25 40 3 South Asia (cigarettes) 20 1 11 86 8 South Asia (bidis) 20 3 12 96 8 Sub-Saharan Africa 33 10 21 67 6 Low/middle income 49 9 29 933 82 High income 39 22 30 209 18 World 47 12 29 1, 142 100 Note: Numbers have been rounded Source: adapted by CTLT from The World Bank. (1999). Calculations based on the World Health Organization. (1997). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 9

The Global Tobacco Burden—Youth Every day 80, 000 to 100, 000 youths become regular smokers One-fifth of young people begin before they are ten years old High exposure to secondhand smoke Predicted to kill 250 million children and adolescents alive today Source: The Tobacco Atlas. (2006), GYTS Collaborative Group. (2002). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 10

Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Source: adapted by CTLT from GYTS Collaborative Group. (2002). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 11

The Global Tobacco Burden—the Poor Source: adapted by CTLT from The World Bank. (1999). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 12

The Global Tobacco Burden—the Poor Source: adapted by CTLT from CDC—MMWR. (Nov 11, 2005). 54(44); 1121– 1124. 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 13

Economic Tradeoffs for the Smoker Source: The Tobacco Atlas. (2006). Permission granted. 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 14

Cigarette Consumption in the U. S. (1900– 2000) Source: adapted by CTLT from U. S. Surgeon General’s Report. (2000). 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 15

Summary Both active and passive smoking are deadly Single most important cause of preventable deaths in the world Unless effective measures are implemented to prevent young people from smoking, and to help current users quit, tobacco will kill one billion people in the 21 st century 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 16