Section 9 1 Early Brain Development The information

Section 9. 1 Early Brain Development • The information in babies’ brains develops as they acquire new skills. • This information evolves at a very rapid rate during the first few years of life.

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary _________ _______ ________

The _____ of the Brain • Brain development happens ______ in the _____ year than in any other time of life. • _____ impacts brain development. • Newborns learn about the world through their ______.

The Structure of the Brain • The _______, ______, _____, and _____ stem make up the brain. • Neurons ____ information in the brain and nervous system. ____ A nerve cell.

Developing the Brain • ____ dendrites indicate _____ learning. • An increased number of ________ results from sensory input. • Each child’s brain gets ____ in a unique way, depending on his or her ______. neural pathway dendrite A branchlike feature at the ____ of each ____ that _______ the messages from other neurons. The ____ between neurons.

______ the Brain • _____ action causes the neurons to work _____ so that action becomes easier. • The brain can be ______.

Developing the Brain • The brain continues to develop through responses to life’s______. • Caregivers can increase the speed of brain development with a __________. How can a stimulating environment encourage brain development?

Section 9. 2 Intellectual Development During the First Year • During the first year of a baby’s life, growth occurs in many areas. • These areas include size, intelligence, motor skills, social skills, and personality.

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary ___________ ____________ _________ _____

Early Learning Abilities • Signs of ______ growth include: – ______ experiences. – understanding ______ and _______. – making _______. – paying _____.

Early Learning Abilities • Infants are sensitive to ____. • _____ is an important way to communicate ___ to an infant. • A concept is a general category of ______ and _____. concept A general category of objects and information that can also include abstract ideas.

Periods of Learning • Psychologist _____ had a great influence on what is known about how children learn. • During the ______, babies learn mainly through their ______. • At each of the ___ stages of the sensorimotor period, a baby has specific _____abilities. sensorimotor period Piaget’s first stage of learning and lasts from _____ to about age ___.

Section 9. 3 Helping Infants Learn • Caregivers need to recognize the importance of play and the development of communication skills. • Toys should be selected for children based on the child’s age and abilities.

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary ___________ ___________

Encouraging Learning • Babies learn more and faster when their caregivers _______, ____ to, _____ at, and ____ with them.

Encouraging Learning • Encouragement to learn relies on the ____, _____, and ______ given to the child. • A caregiver can help a baby learn by _____ to and _______ games with the baby. • Showing ____ and giving _____ encourages the baby to ___ things. How can playing games help a baby learn?

Encouraging Learning • Showing love helps build ____-_____. • Babies communicate by _____, _______, and making special _____. • _____ to children helps them learn that sounds have ____.

The Importance of ____ • Playtime is essential for _____ and ____ development. • Babies need different toys as they grow and develop.